In his book of 100 Wood Type Alphabets, Rob Roy Kelly called this face "Teutonic". This version adds lowercase letters, missing in the original, plus a few woodcut dingbats in the brackets, bar, section and florin positions. Named for a charming town in the Texas Hill Country, founded by German settlers in the mid-1850s. Both versions of the font include 1252 Latin, 1250 CE (with localization for Romanian and Moldovan).

Sheet music for the 1915 song "Is There Still Room for Me Neath the Old Apple Tree" had the title hand-lettered in a condensed, square sans serif. Although far from the more decorative lettering styles of the Art Nouveau period, this type of simple understatement was also a popular choice for the illustrators of the day. It is presented digitally as Nouveau Square JNL in both regular and oblique versions.

Astromonkey - here he is, all new, all excited to be alive! Astromonkey comes from outer space, where he has rubbed shoulders with the Star Trekkers, the aliens and Major Tom, who is still floating in his tin can. The font is a squarish all caps, with a different set of glyphs for upper and lower case (so they mingle quite well) and Astromonkey himself - disguised as the paragraph glyph. Enjoy.

A rounded slab in 4 styles In our age, since the arrival of microcomputing, the majority of professional letters have been composed in quality typefaces. Typewriters & the typestyles they used have become antiques. A letter set in Times or Helvetica & printed with a laser printer at 600 dpi or more are of such quality that one can no longer distinguish it with a document produced by offset printing. But letters composed in this way appear overly institutional when a bit of informality is needed. Le Monde Courrier, designed by Jean François Porchez, attempts to re-establish a style halfway between writing and printing. Informal neo-tech style This rounded slab serif returns the informal character of “typewritten” fonts to letters and suit well all bad conditions, from inkjet printed memos to webfonts use. With a unique typographic colour, it integrate itself with the rest of the Le Monde family with effective contrast. The verticals metrics and proportions of Le Monde Courrier are calibrated to match perfectly others Typofonderie families. Bukva:raz 2001 Type Directors Club .44 1998 European Design Awards 1998

PF Libera was designed at a time of leisure with no particular intention for commercial use. In fact it was offered in the beginning as a freeware. In 2001, designer Charis Tsevis was convinced that it may have some commercial value, so Parachute obtained the rights to sell this typeface. At that time, we did not even imagine what would follow. Since then, PF Libera is one of our most successful typefaces. We have seen it being used in very diverse applications. From publishing to advertising to banking, to transportation, to retail applications. Food, beverages, fashion, automobiles, tourism, the list goes on and on. In any way, this typeface is very personal, modern and provocative. It stays with you and definitely it brings along the message. PF Libera comes in 3 styles. One of them, 'Liberissima', was added later and is more loose than the other two. The new 'Pro' version is powered with 7 OpenType features and is carefully designed to include all languages that are based on Latin, Greek and Cyrillic.

Maclean's is a weekly Canadian newsmagazine with a broad editorial mission. A typical issue covers everything from violence on the other side of the globe to the largest pumpkin grown in a local county. In 2001, Maclean's invited Rod McDonald to become part of the design team to renovate" the 96-year-old publication. The magazine wanted to offer its readers a typographic voice that was professional, clean, and easy to read. Above all, the typeface had to be able to speak about the hundreds of unrelated subjects addressed in each issue while remaining believable and uncontrived. A tall order, perhaps? Now add in that this would be the first text typeface ever commissioned by a Canadian magazine. McDonald, who some have called Canada's unofficial "typographer laureate," took on the challenge. McDonald used two historic models as the basis for Laurentian's design: the work of French type designer Claude Garamond, and that of the English printer and type founder, William Caslon. From Garamond Laurentian acquired its humanist axis, crisp serifs and terminals that mimic pen strokes. Caslon's letters are less humanistic, with a more marked contrast in stroke weight and serifs that appear constructed rather than drawn. These traits also made their mark on Laurentian. Using these two designs as a foundation, McDonald drew Laurentian with the narrow text columns and small type sizes of magazine composition in mind. He gave his letters strong vertical strokes and sturdy serifs, a robust x-height and a slightly compressed character width A tall order, per McDonald's genius is evident in the face's legibility, quiet liveliness and in the openness of the letters. The result is a typeface that not only met Maclean's demanding design brief, but also provides exceptional service in a wide variety of other applications. Laurentian is available in three weights of Regular, Semi Bold and Bold, with complementary italics for the Regular and Semi Bold, and a suite of titling caps."

Type Ultimate is an exquisite serif font that combines elegance and sophistication. It comes in regular and italic versions, each containing a stunning collection of 383 ligature glyphs and alternate glyphs, as well as 26 swashes for both regular and italic versions. With its extensive character set, Type Ultimate supports a wide range of languages, making it a versatile choice for various projects. This font is perfect for creating a memorable logo, establishing a strong brand identity, and making headlines that stand out. Its timeless and refined design also makes it an excellent choice for elegant wedding invitations and other formal occasions. Overall, Type Ultimate is a font that exudes beauty and refinement, adding a touch of sophistication to any project it's used in. Language Support : Afrikaans, Albanian, Asu, Basque, Bemba, Bena, Breton, Chiga, Colognian, Cornish, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Embu, English, Estonian, Faroese, Filipino, Finnish, French, Friulian, Galician, Ganda, German, Gusi,i Hungarian, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Jola-Fonyi, Kabuverdianu, Kalenjin, Kamba, Kikuyu, Kinyarwanda, Latvian, Lithuanian, Lower Sorbian, Luo, Luxembourgish, Luyia, Machame, Makhuwa-Meetto, Makonde, Malagasy, Maltese, Manx, Meru, Morisyen, North Ndebele, Norwegian, Bokmål, Norwegian, Nynorsk, Nyankole, Oromo, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Romanian, Romansh, Rombo, Rundi, Rwa, Samburu, Sango, Sangu, Scottish, Gaelic, Sena, Shambala, Shona, Slovak, Soga, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Swiss, German, Taita, Teso, Turkish, Upper, Sorbian, Uzbek (Latin), Volapük, Vunjo, Walser, Welsh, Western Frisian, Zulu Ligatures Uppercase - AB,AC,AD,AG,AK,AL,AM,AN,AP,AR,AS,AT,AV,AY,BE,BL,BO,BU,CE,CH,CK,CO,CT,DE,DI,DO,EA,ED, EE,EF,EI,EL,EM,EN,EP,ER,ES,ET,EV,EX,EY,FA,FE,FF,FI,FO,FR,FT,FU,GA,GE,GH,GO,GR,HA,HE,HI, HO,HT,KE,KI,KN,LA,LD,LE,LF,LI,LL,LO,MA,ME,MI,MM,MO,MP,MU,NA,NC,ND,NE,NG,NK,NO,NS,NT, NY,OA,OD,OK,OL,OM,ON,OO,OP,OR,OS,OT,OU,OW,PA,PE,PL,PO,PP,PR,RA,RD,RE,RI,RO,RR,RS,RT, RY,SA,SE,SH,SO,ST,SU,TA,TE,TH,TI,TL,TO,TR,TS,TT,TU,UG,UL,UN,UR,US,UT,VE,VI,WE,WH,WI,WO,YO, YS,MEN,WER,FRO,RON,ROM,THE,AND,ING,HER,HAT,HIS,THA,ERE,FOR,ENT,ION,TER,WAS,YOU,ITH, VER,ALL,THI,TIO,OUL,ULD,IGH,GHT,AVE,HAV,ICH,HIC,HIN,HEY,ATI,EVE,HING,WERE,FROM,THAT,THER, TION,OULD,IGHT,HAVE,THIS,THIN,THEY, ATIO,EVER,MENT Lowercase - ab,ad,ag,ai,ak,al,am,an,ap,as,at,av,ay,ba,be,bl,bo,bu,ca,ce,ch,ck,co,ct,de,di,do,ea,ec,ed,ee,ef,eg,ei,ej,el,en,ep,es,et,ev,ew,ey,fa,fe,fi,fo,fr,fu,ga,ge,gh,gi,gr,ha,he,hi,ho,ht,ic,id,ie,ik,il,im,in,io,ir,is,it,iv,ke,ki,kn,la,ld,le,lf,li,lo,ly,ma,me,mi,na,nc,nd,ne,ng,ni,nk,nl,no,nt,ny,oa,oc,od,of,oi,ok,ol,om,on,oo,op,ot,ou,ov, ow,pa,pe,pi,pl,po,pp,qu,ra,rd,re,ri,rm,rn,ro,rr,rs,rt,ru,ry,sa,se,sh,si,so,sp,ss,st,su,ta,te,th,ti,tl,to,ts,tt, tu,uc,ug,um,un,up,ur,us,ut,va,ve,wa,we,wo,xp,ye,yo,ys,men,wer,fro,rom,ron,the,and,ing,her,hat,tha, ere,for,ent,ion,ter,you,ver,thi,ght,ave,hey How to access alternate glyphs? To access alternate glyphs in Adobe InDesign or Illustrator, choose Window Type & Tables Glyphs In Photoshop, choose Window Glyphs. In the panel that opens, click the Show menu and choose Alternates for Selection. Double-click an alternate's thumbnail to swap them out. Mock ups and backgrounds used are not included. Thank you! Enjoy!

PT Octava™ was designed at ParaType in 2001 by Vladimir Yefimov. The first (Cyrillic only) version named Scriptura Russica (1996) consisting of three styles (book, italic, bold) was commissioned by the Russian Bible Society. Lately the Latin letters and bold italic were added. Inspired by Lectura, 1969, by Dick Dooijes and Stone Print, 1991, by Sumner Stone. In spite of large x-height the typeface is both space saving and quite legible at small sizes. Expert fonts including small caps (book) and old style figures are available.

Nazhdak is a handwriting sans serif of three styles sketched with a felted pen and digitized afterwards. Designed in 2001 under the impression of Erik van Blockland's FF Kosmik typeface. Nazhdak is searching and investigating boundaries between regular and irregular typefaces. In spite of ragged letterforms and general laxity the face is rather good for small sizes, and in large sizes it completely shows its crude fascination. The main destinations are small informal text compositions and display typography. Nazhdak was designed by Zakhar Yaschin and released by ParaType in 2009.

Designed at Polygraphmash type design bureau in 1946-51 by Galina Bannikova, inspired by Russian Grazhdansky early- and mid-18th century typefaces as well as Roman Humanist typefaces of the Renaissance. With the archaic features of some characters the face is well recognized because of unique shapes. It is one of the best original typefaces of the Soviet typography. The typeface is useful in text and display composition, in fiction and art books. The revised, improved and completed digital version was designed at ParaType in 2001 by Lyubov Kuznetsova.

An original typeface designed for ParaType in 2004 by Armenian designer Manvel Shmavonyan. Based on the lettering created in 1970s by outstanding Armenian type designer Henrik Mnatsakanyan (1923-2001) of the same name. In Armenian ‘Haverj’ means ‘Eternally’. The face resembles many regular text serif fonts but elements like serifs and terminals make it eccentric and a little bit funny. The shape of diagonal legs in capital K and R resembles book lettering of the 1950s—60s. Using it in text, advertising and display typography may lead to surprising effects.

Ronna Penner's Sketchley is a 2001 winner of ATypI's bukva:raz! design competition, held recently in Moscow. Inspired by handwriting samples and unable to find a typeface to satisfy her needs, Ms. Penner decided to create her own. The result is this warm, casual script. The compliment of characters demanded the creation of two fonts. Sketchley is considered the base font and should be used for basic layouts. Sketchley Swash has numerous initial, medial and final swash characters that, when used thoughtfully with Sketchley, can recreate the look of hand drawn calligraphy.

Rusticana is a part of the 1990 program Type before Gutenberg, which included the work of twelve contemporary font designers and represented styles from across the ages. Linotype offers a package including all these fonts on its web page, www.fonts.de. Rusticana was designed by Adrian Frutiger and appeared with Linotype in 1993. Its historical roots go back to the Roman Capitalis, the all caps engraved writing of ancient Rome which reached its peak in the first century. From this style evolved other Roman forms, and one, Rustica, proved particularly good for text on bronze, as opposed to in stone. The Rusticana of Frutiger has open, seemingly irregular forms which lend a distinctive rhythm to text.

The inspiration for this typeface family came from my childhood experiences at West Monkton, amidst an historic part of the South West of England. Studies of the original incised capitals of the Trajan column in Rome were analysed and polished for this modern version. The lower case letterforms and numerals were then created in sympathy, taking their proportions from the incised letters of local gravestones. Its name honours not only the area where the original alphabet was conceived and drawn, but also the people responsible for fostering my initial interest in letters. These stylized incised typefaces give a depth to the letterforms that can be exploited in your typography - evoking the carved monumental inscriptions of the Roman era.

Based on the lettering and graphic design of the Beat Generation era, Daddy-O was produced in conjunction with the Whitney Museum of American Art to coincide with the exhibition Beat Culture and the New America: 1950-1965. These way gone fonts and extras both capture and affectionately satirize the graphic design of the era. Package now features poet Rod McKuen in an updated version of the Beatsville album cover from 1959.

Pietra is a Baroque-inspired, all-majuscule type design, based on the massive five-foot tall mosaic lettering high above the floor in St. Peters in Rome. The font includes two sets of capitals: full sized, proportioned on the actual lettering; and small capitals, scaled vertically to capture the foreshortened effect of viewing the lettering from the floor. It was designed by Garrett Boge in 1996. Pietra is part of the LetterPerfect Baroque Set.

Straight from the ‘extras’ drawer, the mismatched Sluicebox character set is comprised mainly of serif type specimens. The OpenType versions of Sluicebox have 52 ligature features that automatically substitute a unique pair of distressed characters when any upper or lower case letter is keyed twice in a row, as well as features for Old Style Numerals and Small Caps. Sluicebox Pro extends the character set to support Eastern European Latin, Baltic, Greek and Turkish.

Blastatic! is a highly versatile and unique sans-serif display typeface, but still desires an offbeat, modern style. Blastatic!, new from Remedy667, has the power to turn your designs into masterpieces. With ligatures, extended glyphs, and complimentary alternates, this typeface can do it all. Whether you’re designing for a Jazz Album, Godzilla Movie, or Hot Rod Magazine, Blastatic! will give you an irresistible style. Saul Bass fans take note, this stuff’ll give you vertigo.

The name of this typeface is a hymn to the Stadio Olimpico in Rome. The home arena to the World's most beautiful football club – AS ROMA. A club with many great players through the years. The biggest of them all, is already a living legend… Francesco Totti. The design is a 2-weight family perfect for elegant display work. The regular weight is more even in blackness while the bold weight carry more contrast.

The font EXTRAKT references the grotesque fonts and elementary typography as developed at the Bauhaus (ITC Bauhaus, Futura). Extract originated from a child's game: How many matches are needed to write the word EXTRAKT? (https://hof3.com/arbeitsweise/extrahieren) In the development of the typeface "EXTRAKT", the design principle of reducing the letters to the most necessary strokes was central. In addition to the reference to Bauhaus, EXTRAKT also has a futuristic feel. ("The Expanse")

Esdoria Journy, a font that is inspired by an ancient writing style using a fountain pen. with natural curves and has more than 100 alternatives (ligature, swash, alternative, staylistic 001-006). will make you look like a great script writer. This font is perfect for book covers, notes, magazines, wedding invitations, Valentine's greeting cards, movie titles, quotes, business cards, photographic watermarks, logos and any design that calls for beautiful handwriting.

The four weight semi-condensed Bartholemé family came into existence as a family expansion based on the designer's earlier concept, Bartholemé Open. This hybrid family was inspired by and loosely based on a number of contemporary mid-twentieth century type concepts having Old Face or Modern influence. Those inspirational type designs were primarily designed for various proprietary photolettering technologies of the time. The award-winning* Bartholemé Open and its companion design Bartholemé small capital open were inspired by various Shaded, Inline and Handtooled type models from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Most of those inspirational type designs were designed as titling fonts with all capital sets only. To set it apart from the earlier models, Bartholemé Open is semi-condensed intentionally designed with a lowercase. Design qualities include a large x- height, tightly curved ample counters, crisp serifs and tight bracketing. The overall plan of the family was originally intended for display usage in titling and short passages of text. At higher output resolutions all fonts read well at smaller point sizes. The Bartholemé family works well on its own, but also is compatible with type styles possessing qualities that complement or enhance its own. The Bartholemé family consists of a Regular weight complementing a Bold weight, along with Medium complementing an Extra Bold weight. The companion true-drawn italics are based on the Bartholemé roman design. * Award for Design Excellence bukva: raz! Type Design Competition of the Association Typographique Internationale, 2001

Euroque is the 23rd font family from Cozyfonts Foundry, a California Foundry established in 2012 by designer and typographic illustrator Tom Nikosey Euroque began with pencil sketches, as all my fonts trace their beginnings. Influenced by European poster art of the 1920s and 1930s Euroque takes its name almost literally, European Style. These fonts are designed as a Small Caps Family, where the lower case mirrors the Upper case in design but its weights are compatible and consistent.

Flagstaff JNL takes the lettering from Roma Initial Caps JNL and gives them the movement of an unfurled banner. For added effect, there are flagpoles facing in either direction on the lesser and greater keys. Left and right flag ends are placed on the parenthesis keys; a wide blank flag panel is on the left brace key and a narrow blank flag panel is on the right brace key. Letters only; no punctuation or extended characters.

New from the Monotype Studio, Cotford is a contemporary serif from Creative Type Director, Tom Foley. Dynamic, adaptable, and surprising—Cotford is a languid serif that ranges from delicate thins, bending and reaching like flower stems, to bold heavy weights that command the page and screen with confidence and vintage charm. And as a variable font, Cotford allows designers to explore and refine the design almost endlessly, unearthing its many visual tones and hidden secrets. Foley set out to design a soulful, contemporary serif typeface that delivers all the versatility and robustness today's designers expect. The variable font unlocks an expandsive spectrum of visual expression that allows designers to explore, tweak, and adjust the typeface until they find the perfect weight, contrast, and optical size for their project. At the same time, Cotford’s static weights follow a traditional model of 3 text and 5 display weights, making it a strong choice for brands looking for simple implementation. A pop serif for the digital age, Cotford takes you places.

This family was created inspired from the Garamond patern set of fonts used by S. Millanges "imprimeur ordinaire du Roy", in Bordeaux, circa 1580-1590. Especially for reprint L'instruction des curés (Instructions to parish priests), from Jean Gerson. The set contains two styles, Normal and Italic, the second one with a lot of caps and ligatures variants. The initials, except a few decorated letters (six in total) where only large caps, covering no more than three lines. Added are a few fleurons. It can be used as variously as web-site titles, posters and flyers design, publishing texts looking like ancient ones, or greeting cards, all various sorts of presentations, as a very elegant and legible font... This font supports strong enlargements as easily as small size (legible from 6 points when printed) remaining very smart and fine. Its original cap height is about five millimeters. Decorated letters like 1512 Initials, 1550 Arabesques, 1565 Venetian, can be used with this family without anachronism.

This antique-aged version of Monkton can be used to imitate old letterpress printed documents such as old English text. The rough edges resemble ink spread on paper to give an old look. The inspiration for this typeface family came from my childhood experiences at Monkton, amidst an historic part of the South West of England. Studies of the original incised capitals of the Trajan column in Rome were analysed and polished for this modern version. The lower case letterforms and numerals were then created in sympathy, taking their proportions from the incised letters of local gravestones. Its name honours not only the area where the original alphabet was conceived and drawn, but also the people responsible for fostering my initial interest in letters.

Gardner Sans is a humanist sans serif with a range of weights, italics, small caps stylistics alternates and a set of decorative ornaments. The light and regular faces work at smaller sizes and the heavier weights are good for display lettering. It is inspired by a few historical sources including Stephenson Blakes' Granby, Gill Sans, as well as some old hand-done lettering for sales tickets. The name (and the basis for the small caps) derives in-particular from the Roy Gardner collection of sales tickets from early 20th century that can be found on spitalfieldslife.com The heavier weights were particularly influenced by a later cut of Gill Sans, Extra Bold 321. The italic is more of a contemporary mix of humanist styles.

The typeface family TV Nord is based on the corporate typeface NDR Sans which was developed by Elsner+Flake for the Norddeutsche Rundfunk (www.ndr.de) between 1999 and 2001. This new design came into being as part of a complete overhaul of the visual image of the NDR. This became necessary because the NDR, founded in 1954, incorporated the stations of the East German states Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (1992) and Brandenburg (1997) after the re-unification of Germany. The Hamburg advertising agency DMCGroup developed a new and unified image for the NDR which is in existence to this day. The typeface TV Nord relates to the design of the Trade Gothic and similar American sans serif typefaces of the early part of the last century. Its development concerns itself as much with good legibility for print, as it does for the reproduction on TV screens, which among others, is achieved through its high x-height. The logotype for the NDR as well was developed from the capitals of the NDR Sans. In 2014, the TV Nord was revised stylistically and expanded to incorporate all European-Latin languages. As part of this effort, further complementary cuts were added.

So far the Creator Campotype standard version known in the form of free font (published on several websites by license: free for personal use). The font takes the basic form of modern typography, but some user feedback consider it in the medieval look. Whatever it is, the inspiration of the font was originally set off from the logotype of internal student magazine where the designer had studied in the late 80s. Creator Campotype is a pure display font. This fonts do not have faces lowercase, but all caps. Nevertheless forms of different characters can be accessed by pressing the uppercase and lowercase on the keyboard. Maximum usage can be made by combining them as necessary. Some forms of characters were made more stylistic such as slash and backslash which “out of” the conventional form. In addition, the circle effects on several glyphs were created by default (as found on the free version) so that the glyph was enough to generated with the keyboard access as usual. Information for those who have access to the free version, there are significant changes in this version (2001) as described in the file “creator ct pdf” (gallery)

A highly legible typeface in 4 series Le Monde Journal by definition is intended for newspaper use & at small sizes. It’s an economical and workshorse typeface adapted to any extrem condition of uses. Even though it has the same colour as Times, it appears more open. The reading flow has been made more fluent & less abrupt. The glyphs counters are bigger, as if they were “alluminating the interior.” The form, characterized by its serifs, remains embedded in our visual memory. Intermediate weights like Book can be considered as a grade supplement of the Regular. Italics accompany Le Monde Journal. With a more delicate design & a distinctive rhythm, they remain noticeable when used with the romans. Its companion, Le Monde Sans can extend your typographic palette. For beautiful page layout, use it in conjunction with Le Monde Livre for titling sizes. The verticals metrics and proportions of Le Monde Journal are calibrated to match perfectly others Typofonderie families. This family was designed in 1994 as bespoke typeface family for the French newspaper Le Monde. The family is not used any more by this newspaper from November 2005. Bukva:raz 2001 Type Directors Club .44 1998 European Design Awards 1998

A clean, smooth rendition of the magnificent B42-type used by Johann Gutenberg in his famous 42-line Bible. In addition to the usual standard characters for typesetting modern texts, the font includes a comprehensive set of special characters, alternates and ligatures, plus Opentype features, that can be used for typesetting (almost) exactly as in Gutenberg’s Bible and later incunabula. Also available as The Oldtype “Gutenberg C” Font in a slightly roughened style simulating irregularities and ink spreads associated with old metal types, papers and parchments. The main historical sources used during the font design process were high-resolution scans from several printings of Gutenberg’s Bible. Other sources were as follows: Kapr, A. (1996), Johann Gutenberg - The Man and his Invention, Aldershot: Scolar Press (ch. 7); De Hamel, C. (2001), The Book - A History of The Bible, London: Phaidon Press (ch. 8); Füssel, S. (2005), Gutenberg and the impact of printing, Burlington: Ashgate (ch. 1); and Man, J. (2009), The Gutenberg Revolution, London: Bantam (ch. 7). Specimen, detailed character map, OpenType features, and font samples available at Alter Littera’s The Oldtype “Gutenberg B” Font Page.

The Farfa fonts were designed for institutional use, commissioned by the City of Fara in Sabina, Italy. This project started from the study of the manuscripts found in the Abbey of Farfa, penned in a variant of the lower case of “Carolingian” typical style of that area. The Capital, ligatures and Small Caps, however, are based on the uncial writing that often appears in those codes and manuscripts. Farfa Abbey is a territorial abbey in northern Lazio, central Italy. It is one of the most famous abbeys of Europe. It belongs to the Benedictine Order and is located about 60 km from Rome, in the commune of Fara Sabina The origin of the Abbey is still unknown. Archaeological discoveries seem to prove that the first monastic establishment was built on the ruins of a pagan temple. The Vandals destroyed the first monastery in the fifth century. Only a few documents from the sixth-century prove the early presence of the monastic community. It had the heritage of Charlemagne (S VIII), the Lombard chiefs, and later the Carolingians, succeeded in withdrawing Farfa from obedience to the Bishops of Rieti, and in securing many immunities and privileges for the monastery. Farfa was at this period the most important monastery in Italy both from the point of view of worldly possession and ecclesiastical dignity.