Ragna Runes is not just a font; it's a journey back to the days of lore and legend. Using it feels like rediscovering a long-lost civilization, where every rune is more than a letter; it's an artifact of a bygone era. The typeface features characters modeled after historical runes, making it uniquely suited for projects that require an ancient or mystical aesthetic. Ragna Runes is built with advanced OpenType functionality and has a guaranteed top-notch quality, containing stylistic and contextual alternates, ligatures, and more features; all to give you full control and customizability. It has extensive lingual support, covering all Latin-based languages, and includes all the characters and symbols you'll ever need. Behind this exquisite creation is Mans Greback. Known for pushing the boundaries of type design, Greback has ventured into the intricacies of aesthetic diversity with Ragna Runes. His portfolio is a testament to his versatility and daring, turning simple alphabets into powerful visual narratives.

House of the Dragon is a gothic blackletter typeface, drawn and created by Mans Greback. Its large, decorative fraktur initials contrasts against the clear, minimalist medieval lowercase, as thrones amongst chairs. With more than one thousand high-quality glyphs, House of the Dragon supports all languages. It is provided in four beautiful styles: Regular, Bold, Outlined and Deco. In addition, the complementary House of the Dragon Color font, with an amazing, classical gold/red effect. This Middle Age typeface is perfect for an Olde English/German logotype, a fantasy game or a poster for a historic battle. The font is built with advanced OpenType functionality and has a guaranteed top-notch quality, containing stylistic and contextual alternates, ligatures and more features; all to give you full control and customizability. It has extensive lingual support, covering all Latin-based languages, from North Europe to South Africa, from America to South-East Asia. It contains all characters and symbols you'll ever need, including all punctuation and numbers.

MONOLOGUE is a simple, condensed sans serif font with bold and complex personality. It was purposely crafted to be used in large point sizes, although it doesn't lose it's magic in small point sizes. It is perfect for headline, billboard, magazines, website, titles, poster, branding, and logos. With tons of ligatures, alternates, and other features to choose from, you can make your project stand out from the rest. FEATURES: Basic latin characters, numerals, punctuations and symbols. Extensive language support, including slavic languages with cyrillic alphabet. Stylistic Alternates Stylistic Sets (ss01–ss06) 100+ Discretionary Ligatures Ordinals Preconstructed fractions Fractions Superscript and Superscript Numerals Kerned, spaced, and hinted If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me via email at muhtadi.yusril@gmail.com. Check out my other works, such as font design, lettering, and type exploration on Instagram @yusril.muhtadi (https://www.instagram.com/yusril.muhtadi) Thank you for visiting and have a great, great day! Yusril Muhtadi

Do we have a volunteer from the audience! Yes, you young lady, step into the ring, there's no need to be afraid! What's your name? Hypnotique? How appropriate! Now, don't turn away, look into my eyes, look into my eyes, the eyes, the eyes, not around the eyes, don't look around my eyes, look into my eyes, aaaannnndd you're under. And on the menu of mesmerism tonight is a waking dream of letterforms that will keep you on the threshold of consciousness and yet illuminate your every hypnagogic hallucination! Now that we have your focused attention and reduced your peripheral awareness you have an enhanced capacity for response to the suggestion that you should not only purchase this font, but our entire library of fonts. On the count of three you will wake up and you will think of nothing else but acquiring all the tools all good graphic designers should have in their font library. And all we had to do was snap our fingers.

KC Fonts would like to present its latest creation: Pewter. Pewter is a three weight font (including italics) with four grungy family members (also with italics) for a total of 14 OpenType/TrueType fonts. The Pewter family allows you to freely mix and match between the weights and the grunge variants as it’s not just the same erosion over and over. The Original Trio: Regular, Bold & Black - they're perfect for your more front page useage and anywhere you need a more traditional look. The Grunge Family: each is different from one another - there is Corroded for the caked on dirty look, Scuffed for a mild abrasion with a worn and washed feel, Stamped for printing press & your rubber stamp effect and Trashed for a destroyed (but not over the top) look to your work. It looks great in all cases: UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case & MiXeDcAsE, whether it’s printed LARGE or small it will look great!

Delight Muffin is a display serif font in thickly designed weights for modern, friendly, and stylish design purposes. Generally, every letter of this font is in rounded shapes with a few spaces given. The top and the bottom parts of the letter are the thinnest ones with hardly invisible differences between the thick and the thin lines, which contrast the low lines. With Delight Muffin’s legibility, it is possible to use the font in various text sizes. Features: Stylistic Sets Ligatures Multilingual Supports PUA Encoded Numerals and Punctuations Delight Muffin fits for various design projects, such as posters, banners, logos, magazine covers, quotes, headings, printed products, invitations, name cards, merchandise, social media, etc. Find out more ways to use this font by taking a look at the font preview. Thanks for purchasing our fonts. Hopefully, you have a great experience using our font. Feel free to contact us for further information when you have a problem using the font. Thank you. Happy designing.

Gandur is a display textura in three weights, split into two families: Alte — the German word for old — and New . Gandur was inspired by other geometric texturas, specially Max Bittrof’s Element (1933). The design began by adhering to a strict hexagonal grid, but during its development, slowly moved from a purely geometric to a more pen-based design (this is especially true in the heaviest weights). The differences between Alte and New are essentially morphological, with reflections in the character set and OpenType features. Gandur New has a more humanistic, contemporary structure and is more ‘romanized’ then Alte. Gandur New also features small capitals. Gandur Alte, on the other hand, remains truer to historical forms, most notably: S s X x Z z. Gandur Alte also features the long-s, which can be accessed via a Stylistic Set or the glyph palette. (As is historically accurate, a short-s will be used at the end of words automatically when the historical Stylistic Set has been activated).

Zalika is an exquisite italic calligraphy handwritten font that exudes a classic and timeless appeal. The font is inspired by the traditional italic style of calligraphy, bringing back the nostalgic memories of this beautiful writing art form. Zalika offers two options for a more versatile design: Regular and Rough. The Regular option is sleek and smooth, while the Rough option provides a more textured and hand-drawn appearance. This variety in options allows designers to choose the perfect look for their project. The font also features beautiful flourish alternates that add a touch of elegance and sophistication to any design. These alternate characters offer an array of choices for the perfect flourish and allow designers to personalize their creations with a touch of uniqueness. Overall, Zalika is an exceptional font that blends the classic beauty of italic calligraphy with a contemporary style. Its elegant curves and beautiful alternates make it perfect for invitations, wedding stationary, logos, and any project that demands a touch of sophistication and charm.

Caridade is a bold and powerful script face. It draws some inspiration from heavy brush drawn vintage hand lettering but its heavy weight is much thicker with plenty of impact and more contemporary letterforms. The face offers a wide array of weights, from the powerful Heavy weight to the graceful Thin. Caridade can get the job done for many unique design tasks. Caridade includes many useful OpenType features, including a set of non-connecting alternates, 40 ligatures, and two types of end letterforms. OpenType features include ornaments, swash endings, ending contextual alternates, discretionary ligatures, ligatures and three different stylistic sets filled with alternates. In total, there are over 60 alternate letterforms. Please see the sample .pdf to see these features in action. OpenType capable applications such as Quark or the Adobe suite can take full advantage of the automatically replacing ligatures and alternates. This family also includes the glyphs to support a wide range of languages.

We are happy to introduce Prague Metronome, inspired by the city of Prague and the metronome in the heart of this city. Prague Metronome, a font made manually by hand that we set in such a way that everything is connected in a neat rhythm, just like metronome used by musicians to set the tempo. This font has alternate stylistic for Uppercase and Lowercase, we also complement lowercase with alternate swash and titling. No half-hearted, we added 142 ligature to get the impression of natural handwriting. Comes with two thicknesses namely hairline and monoline as well as a unique shape appearance that will attract interest when used as your brand identity. This font can be used for brands, quotes, headers, websites, and other broader graphic designs. Prague with its metronome is a symbol for everything, beauty, history and personal impression that cannot be described. If European cities were a necklace, Prague would be a diamond among the pearls. Enjoy our font. thanks.

The drawings, for what is now Triplex Italic, were done in Iowa City in 1985 by John Downer. The italic was originally conceived as a companion for another typeface being drawn at the same time called Arcatext, which (like Triplex) could be described as a "humanist sans-serif" having simplified character shapes constructed mostly of geometric parts. At one stage, a certain customer was interested in Arcatext but wanted a different italic drawn for it, so the plan for the italic took another direction and the idea for this one was dropped. Five years later, Emigre decided to commission the abandoned italic as a digital typeface in three weights as companions to the Triplex Sans and Serif families designed by Zuzana Licko in early 1990. The ascenders and descenders have been shortened to match those of Triplex and the new capitals embody more of the features that distinguish the lower case, but otherwise the digital version closely follows the original drawings. See also Triplex OT.

Magic Heart is a swirly script typeface. A valentine typeface with a romantic flow, Magic Heart has a lovely personality and a passionate appearance. Its swashy capital letters gives any project a sincere vibe. Use characters # ¤ for decorative heart symbols. Use underscore _ anywhere in a word for swashes. Example: Won_der Use multiple underscore for different swashes. Example: Love____rose The Magic Heart family consists of eight styles: The ornamental Swash and Swash Bold, the normal Regular and Bold, plus each of the styles as Italic. The font is built with advanced OpenType functionality and has a guaranteed top-notch quality, containing stylistic and contextual alternates, ligatures and more features; all to give you full control and customizability. It has extensive lingual support, covering all Latin-based languages, from North Europe to South Africa, from America to South-East Asia. It contains all characters and symbols you'll ever need, including all punctuation and numbers.

Inspired by a few letters in a hand-drawn logotype, Swashington is a serif font with both an early 20th Century feel and yet is evocative of the swash fonts of the 1970s as well. The real meat of this typeface comes with using all the swash and ligature variants allowing for an enormous amount of typographic flair. Starting with the original logo, Jason Walcott was moved to develop these interesting letterforms into a full typeface with all the swashy might he could muster. In addition to a comprehensive set of Swash and Alternate letters, there are also over 270 Discretionary Ligatures that can be used to create different possibilities by mixing and matching. Included with the downloaded fonts are two .pdf files showing all the swashes and ligatures, that can be printed and used for easy reference. All of the alternates are available via the Glyph Palette or with OpenType features. The font includes support for all Latin based and Eastern European languages.

ITC Johann Sparkling is the work of Austrian designer Viktor Solt, a perfect imitation of the handwriting of an educated person of the 18th century. ITC Johann Sparkling is intended to close the gap between highly formal copperplate scripts and the scribbled look of 'true' handwriting," says Solt. "I am not very interested in highly formal and perfect calligraphy, but rather in quick, personal-looking scripts. Usually I start with some historical samples in mind, but I do not try to copy these sources. Instead, I incorporate them into my own handwriting. It takes up to two weeks, and many sheet of paper, before the respective script becomes my own. Of course, this would not be an economic approach for individual lettering jobs, but I can conserve the custom script for future use by digitizing it." ITC Johann Sparkling should be used in fairly large point sizes and its capitals only as initials.

I’m pleased to introduce new handwritten font Forgotten Melody. Forgotten Melody comes in two styles: Regular and Extras. This font includes ligatures and a full set of lowercase alternates to make your text as close to a natural handwritten script as possible. Forgotten Melody Regular is an elegant, modern, feminine font. Uppercase letters are ideal for your wedding monograms and logos. Use this font for wedding invitations, branding, packaging, magazines, letterpress address, social media, restaurant menus, greeting cards, headers and so on. Forgotten Melody Extras is a symbol font (includes 62 hand drawn musical and floral elements). You can use these characters either separately or in combination with Forgotten Melody Regular (or any other fonts). The symbols are perfect for creating your own logo, greeting cards, photo overlays, scrapbooking, writing letters and just for fun! The font has extensive language support, it includes English and European latin-based languages: French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish and others.

Babetta is a display typeface that comes with some decorative typographical features. Alongside a set of arrows and flower icons, it also includes an alternative ›E‹, some special diacritic marks, a wavy ›S‹ and a series of ligatures. It features 5 weights, a special ›Neon‹ version and supports a wide range of Latin languages. This typographical tool box provides a large and playful variety of options for headlines and logotypes. Babetta supports Latin and Cyrillic languages. The initial inspiration for Babetta was an illuminated vintage shop sign—that of a famous bookstore in Berlin called Karl-Marx-Buchhandlung that dates back to the days of East Germany. During the course of the design process, this slightly shabby historical original was kissed by an Italian Art Deco beauty and has blossomed into a new typeface with its own special charm. The aim was not to preserve the original lettering, but to use it as a starting point for typographical exploration.

Proper was based on handwritten characters (of my own) that I scanned and then digitally touched up. I kept the digital editing to a minimum so as to preserve the freshness of the original. I did, however, want to convey a sense of propriety and regularity and so my original handwriting was done with quite a lot of control. I kept the size of the lower case characters quite large and this makes the font very readable, even at quite small point sizes. Proper may be used when you need clean, legible text, with a natural look, e.g.: -- magazines aimed at the natural health market -- "natural look" fashion pages -- "natural look" decor pages -- natural food products -- natural beauty products -- children's books -- packaging for children's toys, games etc. -- educational material -- comics Proper contains a full character set with all upper and lower case characters, numerals, symbols, accented characters and it has been carefully spaced and kerned.

This font was created while looking at the various shapes my handwriting consistently took, especially in the ways that letters would have breaks in them. Over the course of a few months I continually tweaked the letter forms and shapes, and lo and behold, I developed Deco Sans. This family currently only includes a thin weight, as I'm only one person, and very busy with college. I'm continuing work on a regular, bold, and possibly a future italic weight, but these may not be released for many months to come. As this is a very thin font, it should be used at sizes no smaller than around 16 or 18pt as it tends to get lost in whitespace, and looks best at large sizes. As such, this weight should be considered more of a display font than a text font, however, I predict a regular weight to be very readable and much more useable for the everyday.

Built tall and strong, the Goodland font family is ready to do the heavy lifting in your next design project! Inspired by painted signs on industrial buildings in the town of Goleta, California, Goodland combines a mid-20th century aesthetic with modern features. Three widths: Normal, Condensed and Compressed Eight weights from ExtraLight to UltraBold Matching italics for all 584 glyphs support 223 languages, including Vietnamese & Cyrillics Two sets of Stylistic Alternates Variable font to select any amount of width, weight or slant The Goodland font family is a versatile branding solution. Extreme Light and Bold weights stand out in headlines and display type, while the mid-range Regular and Medium make for easily readable body text on light or dark backgrounds. Dial in the exact look you need with Stylistic Alternates and Variable Font features. Explore the many features of the Goodland font with wonderful things that have come out of the Goodland!

A fresh new decorative display face bubbling with life & spontaneity, Jabberwub belongs to a rare genus of creature fonts that time forgotócasual animated. A fun & bouncy eye-catcher that crosses into the land of the zany, dancing a whacky line between discord & rhyme, Jabberwub packs tons of fun into a state-of-the-art OpenType font loaded with 270 extra glyphs, including stylistic alternates, discretionary ligatures, word ligatures and capitalized ligatures, allowing creative typographers to achieve a custom hand-lettered look without all the mess & spilt glue of a manual paste-up job. Just like using rub-down type but it never cracks or splits, and it never runs out. The moment you start using Jabberwub you'll be laffing! Jabberwub is ideal for whatever zany stuff springs to mind. It takes an outline with no problem-o, and you can squish & squoosh it as the occasion takes your fancy. Optimal results are achieved by hand setting each individual glyph. Available in OpenType only.

Resaden is a powerful display font designed to grab attention and highlight any project that calls for a bold, strong, vibrant, and sporty look made to add a dynamic touch to your sports-themed designs. a sporty and modern font, perfect for sports t-shirts, sports events, and more. Its bold style conveys a strong and sporty impression. This font can also be used for any headline or documentary project. This font has 67 alternates and 124 ligatures for all letters, as well as 4 styles making it a versatile tool for creating originality in your various design needs. What’s Included : - All glyphs Iso Latin 1 - Alternate, Ligature - Simple installations - We highly recommend using a program that supports OpenType features and Glyphs panels like many Adobe apps and Corel Draw so that you can see and access all Glyph variations. - PUA Encoded Characters – Fully accessible without additional design software. - Fonts include Multilingual support

Didonesque Script has the flair of a script typeface, yet retains the rigid structure and incline of its cousins in the Didonesque family. This makes for an interesting approach – the flamboyancy of this script is restrained which resonates a distinctly reserved and formal tone. This typeface is perfect for formal occasions, with its main intent for use in short runs of text, headlines, branding and logo applications. Open Type features are utilized to good effect – positional forms, contextual alternates, ligatures, stylistic alternates, and old style figures all add value to Didonesque Script. There are four weights, from delicate to voluptuous (Regular, Medium, Bold, and Black), which are replicated in “Display” versions – these are designed for use at larger point sizes. Key features: • 4 weights in two styles – Regular and Display • Positional Forms (when activated) ensure the correct glyphs appear in context as you type • Full European character set (Latin only) • 550+ glyphs per font.

Pasto is a fun and charming display type family of two styles with four weights each. 'Print' is a textured irregular stamp style, and 'Sharp' is a straightforward soft-edged type with clean strokes. It is clean, playful, and expressive, with a lightweight structure and fairly aired inner space. Pasto is perfect for display use and intended for medium and large settings. Still, it can be used in smaller point sizes for short sentences or words, providing a softer, delicate look. Pasto has three alternating alphabets that slightly differ from one another. Thanks to the Contextual Alternates, these alphabets are automatically replaced to avoid the same letterforms and textures appearing next to each other, creating a more spontaneous look when typing. This OT Feature is available for all the Sharp and Print styles. Some of Pasto's features are ligatures, stylistic alternates, numerators, fractions, special characters, currency symbols, and a glyph coverage that ensures extended language support.

Style and Grace personified - say Child Momsky. This typeface has two main styles, Regular and Italic, that are designed to work elegantly in unison and apart. The serif has a boldy different ' f', which sets it apart from regular serifs.....as Child Momsky likes to stand out from the rest. A regular 'f' is included in its alternates, and a extra font style with a regular f is included for projects that require a more staid elegance. The Italic style is dreamy, sultry and light-footed - a perfect partner for the more serious serif. Use them together or apart for stylish, stand-out type designs and projects. For those of you who do not have access to Opentype Software, such as Canva Users, a separately available 'extra letters' font set will be available for purchase soon. Language Supported : Danish, English, French, German, German (Switzerland), Italian, Low German, Luxembourgish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Portuguese, Swedish, Swiss German. Enjoy

Typek is a sans serif typeface for the lovers of minimal design and great curves. Typek outlines' professional shapes are perfect for large display usage.. Perfect for branding, posters, web and publications. The idea is to treat the letters' stroke create absorbing and interlaced shape. The design of small interfering in letters' construction makes Typek unique. Typek contains uppercase, diacritics and digits. The Typek Family is in two versions: Regular and Outline. Outline version can be an interesting addition and decoration for the Regular version.

My Dizzy Edge font is really not that dizzy! Actually it's quite steady and legible - super good for packaging, greeting cards and perhaps even commercials for toys, candy, t-shirts, movieposters...yep, that list is long! What's more interesting is that the font as got 6 different versions of each letter - at first glance, the letters don't vary that much, but a closer look reveals the sometimes grungy outline of a pen! But theres more!!! Dizzy Edges comes with multi-language accents!!! What's not to like!!!

Carputins is a casual script font. With bold felt tip stroke, fun character with a bit of ligatures and has a two files lowercase alternates extra swashes. To give you an extra creative work. Carputins font support multilingual more than 100+ language. This font is good for logo design, Social media, Movie Titles, Books Titles, a short text even a long text letter and good for your secondary text font with sans or serif. Make a stunning work with Carputins font. Cheers, Maulana Creative

SS Vortax is a space-age themed display sans featuring broad strokes and tight spacing. This close relative of Galaxus features imposing Capitals with some sharp slants in the Italic version. It’s designed to cover horizontal blocks effortlessly. Most characters have curves on the exterior with right angles on the interior. This dynamic contrast makes it a great choice for a video game/app, toy packaging, or sports logo. SS Vortax is equipped with European accents for international support. Please check glyph maps for all supported characters.

Broken is a grunge font with two interchangeable sets of uppercase. Its forms are in the Egyptian style of the early- to mid-nineteenth century, and the totality of its setting gives off the impression of a most unfortunate letterpress situation, with badly cut punches, uncontrolled ink spread, and metal shards and slivers strewn all about. Available in all mainstream font formats, Broken works very well and has a very unique appearance in design concepts where the overall visual can benefit from harshness, erosion, destruction or weathering.

Smyrna is a hand-drawn font family comes in two weights; light and regular. Thanks to its randomize effect, you can write 4 options for each letter. When the Smyrna Font used in OpenType-savvy applications, its Stylistic Alternates feature produce a random-like effect on the terminal points of the letters. So, typing is no longer monotony; it's returning full of fun. The name "Smyrna" comes from the city I live, Izmir. Smyrna is the name of the ancient city located at modern Izmir.

Roundkey Is the font sans serif family for branding and text. Comes with two basic characters, namely "sharp" and "soft", each character consists of 6 weight with matching oblique. A total of 24 fonts with basic condensed shapes and unique curves. the soft version has a different degree of softness. medium and bold have wider curves because they are suitable for displays, while thin to regular have smaller curves for easier reading. With these sharp and soft version make it can be applied more widely

Tritone is a serif old style typeface display. The design is inspired by the Art Noveau style, which taken from the facade of a bathing establishment and reinterpreted it. The beauty of the font lies in it is classic and unique shapes and forms that characterise it, and for this comprises only two weights, for the dedication to the forms. The font expresses beauty and tradition, but in a lyrical context it can express the power of opera, because of it is powerful and elegant design.

Papillon Woodcuts is a digital revival of an ornate alphabet by French engraver Jean Michel Papillon dating back to 1760, when engraving was very fashionable in France. Each letter is displayed with a different themed background, such as a ship at sea; a fancy table topped with a bounty of fruits; flying birds; a parasol with flowers; playful cherubs; rich textured drapes and tapestries; and many more. These woodcut initials are especially beautiful when used at the beginning of a paragraph as in olden texts.

Couple vol1 is an extensive ampersand font with 230 glyphs and Valentine inspired doodles. Handmade with love. To accentuate two words or names in your text we designed these fun expressive ampersands. Couple vol1 contains a wide variety of styles, some glyphs can even be layered. You will surely find the perfect match for your Valentine project, wedding invite, logo design, etc. Everything is better together! Note: The font used in the presentation text is our Salt and Spices Pro SC2 (not included in Couple vol1)

Originally drawn in the style of 19th-century woodcut types with interior shading and ornate English swashes, Raphael was updated in 1974, and the interior shading was removed. It now exhibits modern design elements - very wide letter strokes offset by hairlines - and is easily identified by the swashes that curve over the tops of the capitals, turning into crossbars on the A, E, F, and R. Used sparingly, Raphael adds flash to advertisements, announcements, stationery, notices, and business cards. Featured in: Best Fonts for Logos

Walpurga is a witchy display font that comes in two variants - regular & bold - and with four glyphs for each letter. There is a set of ornaments and the in-built open type features produce a random, natural looking effect when activated through the "contextual alternates" feature. Walpurga was created with stylized brush ends that become visible at larger font sizes. A fresh, versatile font that is usable for a wide range of design applications. Please activate Open Type Features to get the most out of this font.

Here's a flashback to the sixties, which originally went by the rather unimaginative name of Triline. It's available in two versions: regular and swash caps. In the swash version, the uppercase Q is a "Qu" ligature; a plain Q is located in the ASCII circumflex position (SHIFT+6 on PC or Mac). Named for the heroine of a medieval romance. The Postscript and Truetype versions contain a complete Latin language character set (Unicode 1252); in addition, the Opentype version supports Unicode 1250 (Central European) languages as well.

Nearland is an aesthetic vintage Script font. Inspired from the past, elegant signage, gold leaf art, sign painting, lettering, logo and old label product. Nearland Script comes with tons of alternates characters and special alternate (i) lowercase is a ending swash thats to make more eye cacthy. Finally BOOM..!! you get a great design for your project. Nearland It's suitable for authentic logos, headings, sign painting, posters, letterhead, branding, magazines, album covers, book covers, movies, apparel design, flyers, greeting cards, product packaging, badge and more.

Ablaj, a typeface created for texts and titles, with a family of 8 weights. It is designed as a modern narrative of the ancient Kufic script by MhrfType. It is meticulously designed and continuously improved. The typeface supports a separate weight set, And the complete family is included in Ablaj Variable, containing all the glyphs and features. It provides designers with tools to create greater rhythm and design depth. Ablaj proportions are precisely aligned with the Sans assets, providing a perfect balance of positive and negative space.