A common creation: (to pass from one hand to the other): For the first time, various hand-signs from diverse sources are unified into one single visual style. This compendium is the result of 15 years of incubation and 7 years of creation. In his travels throughout the world, graphic designer Jean-Benoit Levy, principal of the visual studio AND, has collected pictures of multiple hand signage. Uncertain what to do with those signs, he kept them year after year until the idea came to unify almost 200 handsigns into one single family. In accordance with this entire collection, the name of the typeface is a mix: "h-and-s". A global collection: (To put in good hands): We all have one thing in common: Hand-signs are an international language, they are meant to be understood by all of us. Each of us regularly comes in contact with modern hieroglyphs such as the hand-sign-codes that are so prevalent in our daily life. This way of communication belongs to no one in particular and to all of us in general. Even if the sense of certain signs varies from one culture to the other, there is a common hand-sign language. We are surrounded by this language of handsigns each time we step in a store, we eat, open a container of milk, we clean up, use package of wash-powder, by shaving, when we work, use tools, at home, by tearing the envelope of a condom, by traveling, etc. When we encounter these signs, we all understand them easily. A visual connection: (To go hand in hand): This typeface is a global visual statement. Collecting, ordering, redrawing, unifying. Reconstructed and assembled into one original alphabet, H-AND-S is a unique and complex signs program. Our choice is based on daily gestures and global hand-codes. Logically this typeface starts with the "American Sign Language" and expands on two type-variations, each on two levels of keyboard. The international team of H-AND-S would like to send his special thanks to all of the anonymous graphic designers throughout the world who designed different hand-signage and who influenced and inspired to create such a sign collection into one unified family. We, the global nomad team of AND, hope that you will enjoy our H-AND-S. Additional Credits Production: Studio AND. www.and.ch. Concept, Idea & Creative Direction: Jean-Benoît Lévy, Switzerland / USA. Research & Sketches: Eva Schubert, Germany. Illustration, Graphic Design & Visual Fusion: Diana Stoen, USA. Transfer, Adaptation & Refining: Moonkyung Choi, Korea. Finalization & Checking: Sylvestre Lucia, Switzerland. Coaching & Technical Advice: Mike Kohnke, USA. Creative Energy & Implementation: Joachim Müller-Lancé, Germany / USA.

The font superfamily Vianova contains each 12 weights of Sans and Slab and 8 weights of the Serif style. The design from Jürgen Adolph dates back into the 90th, when he studied Communication Design with Werner Schneider as a professor at the Fachhochschule Stuttgart. Adolph started his carrier 1995 at Michael Conrad & Leo Burnett. He was responsible for trade marks as Adidas, BMW, Germanwings and Merz. He has been honoured as a member of the Art Director Club (ADC) with more than 100 awards. On February 26, 2014, Jürgen Adolph wrote the following: “I was already interested in typography, even when I could not yet read. Letterforms, for instance, above storefronts downtown, had an irresistible appeal for me. Therefore, it is probably not a coincidence that, after finishing high school, I began an apprenticeship with a provider of signage and neon-advertising in Saarbrücken, and – in the late 1980s – I placed highest in my field in my state. When I continued my studies in communications design in Wiesbaden, I was introduced to the highest standards in calligraphy and type design. “Typography begins with writing” my revered teacher, Professor Werner Schneider, taught me. Indefatigably, he supported me during the development of my typeface “Vianova” – which began as part of a studies program – and accompanied me on my journey even when its more austere letterforms did not necessarily conform to his own aesthetic ideals. The completely analogue development of the types – designed entirely with ink and opaque white on cardboard – covered several academic semesters. In order to find its appropriate form, writing with a flat nib was used. Once, when I showed some intermediate designs to Günter Gerhard Lange, who occasionally honored our school with a visit, he commented in his own inimitable manner: “Not bad what you are doing there. But if you want to make a living with this, you might as well order your coffin now.” At that time, I was concentrating mainly on the serif version. But things reached a different level of complexity when, during a meeting with Günther Flake which had been arranged by Professor Schneider, he suggested that I enlarge the offering with a sans and slab version of the typeface. So – a few more months went by, but at the same time, Elsner+Flake already began with the digitilization process. In order to avoid the fate predicted by Günter Gerhard Lange, I went into “servitude” in the advertising industry (Michael Conrad & Leo Burnett) and design field (Rempen& Partner, SchömanCorporate, Claus Koch) and worked for several years as the Creative Director at KW43 in Düsseldorf concerned with corporate design development and expansion (among others for A. Lange & Söhne, Deichmann, Germanwings, Langenscheidt, Montblanc.”

In the course of the re-vitalization of its Typoart typeface inventory, Elsner+Flake decided in 2006 to offer the “Kis Antiqua” by Hildegard Korger, in a re-worked form and with an extended sortiment, as an OpenType Pro-version. After consultation with Hildegard Korger, Elsner+Flake tasked the Leipzig type designer Erhard Kaiser with the execution of the re-design and expansion of the sortiment. Detlef Schäfer writes in “Fotosatzschriften Type-Design+Schrifthersteller”, VEB Fachbuchverlag Leipzig, 1989: No other printing type has ever generated as far-reaching a controversy as this typeface which Jan Tschichold called the most beautiful of all the old Antiqua types. For a long time, it was thought to have been designed by Anton Janson. In 1720 a large number of the original types were displayed in the catalog of the „Ehrhardische Gycery“ (Ehrhardt Typefoundry) in Leipzig. Recently, thanks to the research performed by Beatrice Warde and especially György Haimann, it has been proven unambiguously that the originator of this typeface was Miklós (Nicholas) Tótfalusi Kis (pronounced Kisch) who was born in 1650 in the Hungarian town of Tótfal. His calvinistic church had sent him to the Netherlands to oversee the printing of a Hungarian language bible. He studied printing and punch cutting and earned special recognition for his Armenian and Hebrew types. Upon his return to Hungary, an emergency situation forced him to sell several of his matrice sets to the Ehrhardt Typefoundry in Leipzig. In Hungary he printed from his own typefaces, but religious tensions arose between him and one of his church elders. He died at an early age in 1702. The significant characteristics of the “Dutch Antiqua” by Kis are the larger body size, relatively small lower case letters and strong upper case letters, which show clearly defined contrasts in the stroke widths. The “Kis Antiqua” is less elegant than the Garamond, rather somewhat austere in a calvinistic way, but its expression is unique and full of tension. The upper and lower case serifs are only slightly concave, and the upper case O as well as the lower case o have, for the first time, a vertical axis. In the replica, sensitively and respectfully (responsibly) drawn by Hildegard Korger, these characteristics of this pleasantly readable and beautiful face have been well met. For Typoart it was clear that this typeface has to appear under its only true name “Kis Antiqua.” It will be used primarily in book design. Elsner+Flake added these two headline weights, which are available besides a separate font family Kis Antiqua Now TB Pro. Designer: Miklós (Nicholas) Tótfalusi Kis, 1686 Hildegard Korger, 1986-1988 Erhard Kaiser, 2008

Johann Michael Fleischmann was born June 15th, 1707 in Wöhrd near Nuremberg. After attending Latinschool he started an apprenticeship as punchcutter in the crafts enterprise of Konstantin Hartwig in Nuremberg, which ought to last six years. For his extraordinary talent Fleischmann completed his apprenticeship after four and a half years, which was very unusual. 1727 his years of travel (very common in these days) began, during which he perfected his handcraft by working in different enterprises as journeyman. First location was Frankfurt/Main where he worked for nearly a year at the renowned type foundery of Luther and Egenolff. Passing Mainz he continued to Holland, where he arrived in November 1728 and stayed till he died in 1768. In Amsterdam he worked for several type founderies, among others some weeks for Izaak van der Putte; in The Hague for Hermanus Uytwerf. Between 1729 and 1732 he created several exquisite alphabets for Uytwerf, which were published under his own name (after his move to Holland Fleischmann abandoned the second n in his name), apparently following the stream of the time. After the two years with Uytwerf, Fleischmann returned to Amsterdam, where he established his own buiseness as punchcutter; following an advice of the bookkeeper and printer from Basel Rudolf Wetstein he opened his own type foundery 1732, which he sold in 1735 to Wetstein for financial reasons. In the following Fleischmann created several types and matrices exclusively for Wetstein. In 1743 after the type foundery was sold by Wetstein’s son Hendrik Floris to the upcoming enterprise of Izaak and Johannes Enschedé, Fleischmann worked as independent punchcutter mostly for this house in Haarlem. Recognizing his exceptional skills soon Fleischmann was consigned to cutting the difficult small-sized font types. The corresponding titling alphabets were mostly done by Jaques-Francois Rosart, who also cut the main part of the ornaments and borders used in the font examples of Enschedé. Fleischmann created for Enschedé numerous fonts. The font example published 1768 by Enschedé contains 3 titling alphabets, 16 antiquacuts, 14 italic cuts, 13 textura- and 2 scriptcuts, 2 greek typesets (upper cases and ligatures), 1 arabic, 1 malayan and 7 armenian font systems, 5 sets of musicnotes and the poliphonian musicnotesystem by Fleischmann. In total he brought into being about 100 alphabets - the fruits of fourty years of creative work as a punchcutter. Fleischmann died May 27th, 1768 at the age of 61. For a long time he was thought one of the leading punchcutters in Europe. A tragedy, that his creating fell into the turning of baroque to classicism. The following generations could not take much pleasure in his imaginative fonts, which were more connected to the sensuous baroque than to the bare rationalism of the upcoming industrialisation. Unfortunately therefore his masterpieces did not survive the 19th century and person and work of Fleischmann sank into oblivion. The impressive re-interpretation of the Fleischmann Antiqua and the corresponding italics by Erhard Kaiser from Leipzig, which were done for the Dutch Type Library from 1993 to 1997, snatched Fleischmann away from being forgotten by history. Therefore we want to place strong emphasis on this beautiful font. Fleischman Gotisch The other fonts by Fleischmann are only known to a small circle of connoisseurs and enthusiasts. So far they are not available in adequat quality for modern systems. Same applies the "Fleischman Gotisch", which has been made available cross platform to modern typeset-systems as CFF Open Type font through the presented sample. The Fleischman Gotisch has been proved to be one of the fonts, on which Fleischmann spent a good deal of his best effort; this font simply was near to his heart. Between 1744 and 1762 he created 13 different sizes of this font. All follow the same principles of forms, but their richness of details has been adapted to the particular sizes. In later times the font was modified more or less sensitive by various type founderies; letters were added, changed to current taste or replaced by others; so that nowadays a unique and binding mastercopy of this font is missing. Likewise the name of the font underwent several changes. Fleischmann himself probably never named his font, as he did with none of his fonts. By Enschedé this textura was named Nederduits, later on Nederduitsch. When the font was offered by the german type foundery Flinsch in Frankfurt/Main, the more convenient name of Fleischmann-Gotisch was chosen. In his "Masterbook of the font" and his "Abstract about the Et-character" Jan Tschichold refered to it as "Duyts" again. To honour the genious of Johann Michael Fleischmann we decided to name the writing "Fleischmann Gotisch PT" (unhyphenated). Developing the digital Fleischman Gotisch I decided not to use one of the thirteen sizes as binding mastercopy, but corresponding to the typical ductus of the font to re-create an independent use of forms strongly based on Fleischmann´s language of forms. All ascenders and descenders were standardised. Some characters, identified as added later on, were eliminated (especially the round lower case-R and several versions of longs- respectively f-ligatures) and others were adjusted to the principles of Fleischmann. Where indicated the diverse characters were integrated as alternative. They can be selected in the corresponding menu. All for the correct german black letter necessary longs and other ligatures were generated. Through the according integration into the feature-code about 85% of all ligatures in the type can be generated automatically. Problematic combinations (Fl, Fk, Fh, ll, lh, lk, lb) were created as ligatures and are likewise constructed automatically. A historically interesting letter is the "round r", which was already designated by Fleischmann; it is used after preceding round letters. Likewise interesting is the inventive form of the &-character, which is mentioned by Tschichold in his corresponding abstract. Nevertheless despite all interpretation it was very important to me to maintain the utmost fidelity to the original. With this digital version of a phantastic texturfont of the late baroque I hope to contribute to a blossoming of interest for this genious master of his kind: Johann Michel Fleischmann. OpenType features: - Unicode (ISO 10646-2) - contains 520 glyphes - Basic Latin - Latin-1 Supplement - Latin Extended-A - Latin Extended-B - Central European Glyhps - Ornaments - Fractions - Standard ligatures - Discretionary ligatures - Historical ligatures - Kerning-Table

Introducing "Aero Flux", the cyber mecha font that will take your designs to the next level. This font is designed with a perfect blend of modern and squared feel, giving it a unique and futuristic aesthetic that is perfect for a wide range of applications. The bold and sleek design of Aero Flux makes it an ideal choice for logos, headlines, and branding materials. It's all-caps design with punctuation, numerals, and foreign support allows for flexibility in creating unique and engaging visual designs. Aero Flux's squared feel makes it perfect for projects that require a strong and sturdy look, such as designing video game or movie titles, product packaging, or creating futuristic posters. This font's bold, industrial look is perfect for capturing the essence of the mecha genre, with its sharp angles and futuristic design. The squared feel of Aero Flux adds a sense of strength and solidity to your designs, making it the perfect choice for projects that require a bold, commanding look. Moreover, Aero Flux's industrial, mecha-modern design makes it the perfect font for creating digital interfaces and user interfaces (UIs), especially those that require a futuristic or high-tech feel. In summary, Aero Flux is a highly versatile font that is perfect for a wide range of applications, from logos and branding to digital interfaces and futuristic posters. With its modern, squared feel and unique design, Aero Flux is the perfect font to add a touch of futurism to your projects and captivate your audience. Aero Flux features: A full set of uppercase Numbers and punctuation Multilingual language support PUA Encoded Characters OpenType Features Cyber Mecha Style +246 Total Glyphs

Discover Deadfall, the ultimate horror display font that will send shivers down your spine! What sets Deadfall apart is its unique blend of fear-inducing aesthetics and multilingual capabilities. This Monospace typeface exudes a captivating dripped and splash style, adding an extra layer of terror to your designs. Notably, Deadfall supports the Cyrillic alphabet, making it an ideal choice for a global audience. Deadfall offers both regular and italic variations, granting you even more creative possibilities. Whether you're designing posters, crafting marketing materials, conjuring chilling movie titles, creating Death metal logotypes, or working on Halloween-themed crafts, Deadfall will infuse your projects with a bone-chilling atmosphere. To ensure versatility, consider pairing Deadfall with related font families or other typefaces that complement its macabre charm. Its functional aspects include an extensive character set and special features, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. The design concept behind Deadfall revolves around the idea of capturing the essence of horror. The font's distinctive dripped and splash style adds a sense of chaos and unease to any composition, immersing the viewer in a world of terror. The inclusion of the Cyrillic alphabet reflects our commitment to providing a font that caters to diverse audiences, bringing fear to every corner of the globe. We created Deadfall to meet the demand for a truly spine-tingling font that conveys a sense of horror and foreboding. Whether you're a graphic designer looking to evoke fear or a Halloween enthusiast seeking to amplify the spooky atmosphere, Deadfall is here to unleash terror in your designs. Get ready to embrace the darkness with Deadfall - the ultimate font for all things haunting and macabre!

Monotalic was created as a fun experiment, exploring better solutions for the monospaced type design. Most monospaced (fixed-width) typefaces have the same main design problem regarding the lowercase – filling the empty space around l, f, i, j and r. That usually brings the addition of slab serifs to those narrow characters, causing many monospaced fonts to look and feel alike. Monotalic solves that problem by adopting the handwritten (or cursive) form for those problematic characters, which allows them to be defined in more strokes, thus getting a better distribution of form in that fixed-width space. On the other hand, cursive writing usually lacks the legibility of a Roman (Regular upright) style, so Monotalic was created to be a hybrid, taking the best of both worlds. Monospaced fonts today are mostly used for coding. Modern code editors use colored text in order to differentiate between different kinds of code. So, in that environment there’s actually no need for traditional text styling by adding Italics, Bold or other styles, because the code lines are overstated as it is. That is why Monotalic focuses on one style only, in three widths and four weights. The weights allow users to choose the perfect contrast of text on screen, depending on their monitor resolution and background color in the editor. Movie scripts are almost exclusively set in 12pt Courier. It became the industry standard because when set in the specific “screenplay format" it helps with the breakdown of the schedule and budgeting process of the film production. Although it looks completely different, text set in Monotalic (Normal width) will take the same amount of space as Courier.

Shout is a “Hey, Look at ME” font. It is an attention-getting font for posters, flyers and ads. Its lineage includes the Haas Type Foundry’s 19th century advertising font, Kompakte Grotesk, which Jan Tschichold (1902-1974) dryly described as “extended sans serif” and which graphic designer Roland Holst (1868-1938) would have disapprovingly referred to as a “shout,” as opposed to the quiet presentation of information that he believed was the proper function of advertising. In 1963 Letraset released what appears to be an updated variation in multiple weights designed by Frederick Lambert called Compacta. Shout draws heavily on Compacta, as well as other similar fonts of the 50s and 60s like Eurostile Bold Condensed and Permanent Headline. In weight, it falls about halfway between Compacta Bold and Compacta Black, but with a relatively heavier lower case that is not so easily pushed around by the upper case. After all, one can shout while sitting down. Shout is the first font released with our new encoding, as noted in the All_customer_readme.txt. The Euro symbol has been moved to position 128 and the Zcaron/zcaron have been added at positions 142/158 respectively. Otherwise, Shout has our usual idiosyncratic glyph selection, with the German ch/ck instead of braces, a long s instead of the Greek mu and our usual Hand-in-Hand symbol. There are also left and right glyphs of a big mouth ]ing (135/137) and left and right glyphs of an angry man shouting (172/177). Please use Shout with discretion. Folks get tired of being yelled out. After awhile, they stop listening. Shout ML represents a major extension of the original release, with the following changes: 1. Added glyphs for the 1250 Central Europe, the 1252 Turkish and the 1257 Baltic Code Pages. Add glyphs to complete standard 1252 Western Europe Code Page. Special glyphs relocated and assigned Unicode codepoints, some in Private Use area. Total of 355 glyphs. 2. Added OpenType GSUB layout features: pnum, ornm, liga, hist & salt. 3. Added 266 kerning pairs. 4. Revised vertical metrics for improved cross-platform line spacing. 5. Revised hyphen, dashes & math operators. 6. Minor refinements to various glyph outlines. 7. Inclusion of both tabular & proportional numbers. Please note that some older applications may only be able to access the Western Europe character set (approximately 221 glyphs). The zip package includes two versions of the font at no extra charge. There is an OTF version which is in Open PS (Post Script Type 1) format and a TTF version which is in Open TT (True Type)format. Use whichever works best for your applications.

Hey! See Reina Neue in action here! INTRODUCTION When I designed the first Reina¹ circa 2010, I was at the dawn of my career as a type designer. The S{o}TA, short for the Society of Typographic Aficionados, described it as complex display typeface incorporating hairline flourishes to a nicely heavy romantic letterform². And it was like that; that’s what I was pursuing at that time since I was very passionate about ornaments and accolades of Calligraphy. Why? I felt that Typography, in general, needed more of them. These subtle flourishes could breathe life into letters. Maybe, I thought it was the only way I could propose something new into the field of type. However, after some years, I came across a very interesting quote: –Beautiful things don’t ask for attention– Wow! What did this mean? How could something be attractive if it’s not actually showing it. Could this be applied to my work? Sure. I think every type-designer goes through this process (aka crisis) regarding his or her career. At the beginning we love everything. We are kind of blind, we only see the big picture of a project. And that’s not because we are lazy. We actually can’t see the small mistakes nor the subtleties that make something simpler beautiful. We are not able. But, the small subtleties… They are actually everything: With experience, one puts more attention into the details and learns that every single decision in type has to be first meticulously planned. Here I am now, introducing a new Reina, because I felt there was a lot of it that could be improved, also the novelty of Variable Fonts caught my attention and I had to take that to my type library. THE FONT A thing of beauty is a joy forever Now, a decade later, I’m presenting Reina Neue. This font is not just an update of its predecessor: –A thing of beauty is a joy forever– is the first line of the poem ‘Endymion’ by John Keats, and despite the meaning of “beauty” may vary from person to person, and even from time to time (as read in the last paragraph), with Reina I always wanted to bring joy to the eye. In 2010, and now, in 2020. I believe the font is today much better in every aspect. It was entirely re-designed: Its shapes and morphology in general are much more clean and pure. The range of uses for it is now wider: While the old Reina consisted in just one weight, Reina Neue was converted into a big family of many weights, even with italics, smallcaps and layered styles. The idea behind the font, this kind of enveloping atmosphere made out of flourishes, is still here in the new Reina. This time easier to get amazing results due to the big amount of available alternates per glyph and also more loyal from a systemic point of view. However, and as read in the introduction -Beautiful things don’t ask for attention-, if none of the flourishes are activated the font will look very attractive anyway. Reina Neue is ready to be used in book covers, magazines, wedding cards, dazzling posters, storefronts, clothing, perfumes, wine labels and logos of all kind. Like it happened with the previous Reina, I hope this new font satisfies every design project around the world if used, and can be a joy forever. SOME INSTRUCTIONS Before choosing the right style for your project, hear my advice: -Reina Neue Display was meant to be used at big sizes. If you plan to print the font smaller than 72pt, I suggest using Reina Neue, not Display. Otherwise, if the font will be BIG or used on a digital platform, Reina Neue Display should be your choice. For even smaller sizes, use Reina Neue Small. This style was tested and printed in 12pt with nice results. (Note for variable fonts: Print them in outlines) -Reina Italic is not a slanted version of the roman, and this means some flourishes are different between each other. The Italic version has other kind of swirls. More conservative, in general. -All the styles of Reina Capitals have Small Capitals inside. -Reina Capitals Shine should be used/paired ONLY with Reina Capitals Black. The engraved feeling can be achieved if Reina Capitals Black and Reina Capitals Shine are used as layers, with the same word. Variable fonts instructions: -For more playful versions, choose Reina Neue VF, Reina Neue Italic VF or Reina Neue Capitals VF: With them you can adjust between 3 axes: Weight (will change the weight of the font) – Optic Size (will thicken/lighten the thin strokes and open/close the tracking) – Accolades (will modify the weight of the active flourishes). SOME VIDEOS OF REINA NEUE VF https://youtu.be/8cImmT5bpQM https://youtu.be/1icWfPmKAkg https://youtu.be/YC9GkJDL1a8 NOTES 1. The original Reina, from a decade ago: https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/argentina-lian-types/reina/ 2. In 2011, Reina received an honourable mention by S{o}TA. “Great skill is shown in the detailing, and an excellent feel for the correct flow of curves and displacement of stroke weight.” https://www.typesociety.org/catalyst/2011/ Reina was featured in the “Most Popular Fonts of the year” in MyFonts in 2011 https://www.myfonts.com/newsletters/sp/201201.html In 2012, the font was also selected in Tipos Latinos, the most prestigious competition of type in Latinoamerica. https://www.tiposlatinos.com/bienales/quinta-bienal-tl2012/resultados Also, chose as a “Favorite font of the year” in Typographica. https://typographica.org/typeface-reviews/reina/

Radiate Sans is a Humanist - Geometric Sans Serif fonts, Simple geometric letters shapes, medium contrast character style, It was designed lately 2018. and published on April 2020. Radiate Sans is a neutral typeface, have stroke modulation (strokes that clearly vary in width along their line) or alternating thick and thin strokes. Radiate Sans intended as a display typeface that could be used for posters and advertisements, as well as for the text of documents that need to be clearly legible at small sizes or from a distance, such as book blurbs, timetables and price lists. The family include 5 font weights, with a bonus 4 Widths in the OpenType version. It supports ISO Adobe 2, Adobe CE, Latin Extended characters, Standard Greek, and Standard Cyrillic. OpenType features include small caps, old style figures, superscript and subscript, ordinals, proportional lining figures, and case forms.

Inspired by the graphic spirit of old packaging and store signs of Portugal, this font seeks to transmit the warm and sunny sound of Portuguese language in a visual way. Portuguesa has 3 partners, designed to work nicely together and to complement one with each other. Portuguesa Script, with friendly and rhythmic personality, great for titles and short text, Portuguesa Caps, with small caps and ligatures that perfectly match (and contrast) with the script version. And Portuguesa Icons, that recalls the legendary blue tiles. This last version was specially designed to mix signs up with delightful combinations for creating patterns, borders, stationary, tableware and all kind of commercial products and projects that needs a memorable strike. The possibilities are numberless. As a mantra, Portuguesa is always in a positive mood, spreading the “Portuguese art of welcoming people”. Seja Bem-Vindo!

Designed by Cosimo Lorenzo Pancini and Andrea Tartarelli, Kabrio is a sans serif typeface for the lovers of minimal design, and great curves. Kabrio features four different corner treatments to offer variation in display and logo use: the "alternate" variant features slightly rounded corners, that become even more round in the "soft" variant. "Abarth" features cut corner for a more mechanical, cold look. Each variant comes in seven weights with matching italics, for a grand total of 56 weights to add to your typographic palettes. All Kabrio weights feature an extended character set with accents to cover over forty European languages as well as Russian and Bulgarian Cyrillc. OpenType features include stylistic alternates and a wide arrange of numerals (oldstyle, tabular, tabular oldstyle, superior, inferior, fractions) to allow you maximum flexibility to use Kabrio in number-heavy documents: spreadsheets, tables, timetables.

Koufiya is designed by Nadine Chahine in 2003 as part of her MA project at the University of Reading, UK and later released by Linotype in 2007. It is the first typeface to include a matching Arabic and Latin designed by the same designer at the same time with the intention of creating a harmonious balance between the two scripts. The Arabic part is based on the Early Kufi style popular in the 7th to 10th century AD. It is characterized by a strong horizontal baseline, horizontal stacking order, clear and open counters, and a general open feeling. Though based on the earliest styles on Arabic manuscript, the design paradoxically appears quite modern and fresh. The Latin part of Koufiya recalls a Dutch influence in its shallow top arches and rather squarish proportions. Both Arabic and Latin parts have been carefully designed to maintain the same optical size, weight, and rhythm. However, no sacrifices were made to make them appear closer to each other. They are designed so that they work well together on the printed page, and to make sure that the two scripts are harmonious when they are mixed together even if within the same paragraph. The font includes support for Arabic, Persian, and Urdu. It also includes proportional and tabular numerals for the supported languages.

The origin of Quirky lay in the Duke Ellington number It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing. For some time I had wanted to create a font from expanded stroked lines. I wanted to produce a light-hearted font, but with some classic touches. One day, whilst doodling in Adobe Illustrator, Quirky’s letterforms just appeared on screen as if from nowhere. First I drew the test word ‘hamburgefonts’ and then just kept going, unable to stop. Character after character appeared as if by magic. From the start, Quirky had a life of its own. The letterforms are rather more sophisticated than merely outlined stroked lines. Subtle adjustments to compensate for optical effects have been been incorporated. For example, horizontal stems have thicknesses slightly less than vertical stems and where stems join together, the thickening effect has been reduced by cutting into the joint. Being almost monoline, Quirky works well reversed out of a solid background and for TV credits. The Quirky fonts are fun fonts, so set, laugh and enjoy! I hope Quirky will give you as much pleasure in using it as I got in creating it! Shortly after the roman version was born, an italic version and then a thin version were created to form a family of three fonts.

Second Reign is a decorative medieval typeface. With borders and diamonds, this magic typeface of extreme variability brings us to glorious worlds in the golden times of epic sagas. Second Reign is the typeface of a viking king or a knight order. Use it for a Middle Ages game, a fantasy headline, or as a logotype for anything of historical theme. With usage in any modern software, the letters will automatically overlap and embrace in an elegant way. To make heraldic symbols, copy these icons: 🐉 🐎 👑 🗡 🦁 🦅 🦌 + ♖ × ✝ ⚓ ＊ ⚔ † ‡ Alternatively write %A %B %C ... etc to create the heraldry. (Download required.) Dragon, Horse, Crown, Sword, Eagle, Deer, Cross, Anchor are some of the logos. Use [ ] for side borders. Example: [Royal⚔Thrones] The Second Reign family consists of four variations: The weight styles Thin, Medium and Bold, plus the decorated Border style. The font is built with advanced OpenType functionality and has a guaranteed top-notch quality, containing stylistic and contextual alternates, ligatures and more features; all to give you full control and customizability. It has extensive lingual support, covering Greek and Cyrillic, as well as all Latin-based languages, from North Europe to South Africa, from America to South-East Asia. It contains all characters and symbols you'll ever need, including all punctuation and numbers.

Outspace Fighter is an electrifying game-themed display font designed in uppercase, capturing the essence of futuristic space battles. This font is made in boxy shapes with sharp corners, evoking a sense of strength and precision. Each uppercase letter is meticulously crafted to exude a futuristic aesthetic, mirroring the angular and geometric forms found in the vast expanse of outer space. This design choice gives the font a sleek and modern appeal, perfect for conveying the intensity of space battles. With low-contrast letters, this font places emphasis on the overall form and structure of the font. The subtle differences in stroke width create a balanced and unified visual experience. This design choice ensures legibility while maintaining a cohesive and visually appealing composition, allowing your audience to effortlessly engage with your game-themed designs. You can also enjoy the available features here. Features: Stylistic Sets Multilingual Supports PUA Encoded Numerals and Punctuations Outspace Fighter fits in headlines, logos, posters, titles, branding materials, print media, editorial layouts, website headers, and any other projects. Find out more ways to use this font by taking a look at the font preview. Thanks for purchasing our fonts. Hopefully, you have a great time using our font. Feel free to contact us anytime for further information or when you have trouble with the font. Thanks a lot and happy designing.

Please note: Sindelar webfonts are exclusively available at willerstorfer.com Sindelar is a capable, contemporary text face addressing today’s news design requirements. Its large x-height, low contrast and robust serifs grant a high legibility in small sizes. The balanced, well chosen proportions make the typeface economic (i.e. space saving) without giving it a too narrow appearance. These characteristics make it the ideal choice for extensive text setting in newspapers and magazines – on paper and on screen. Named after famous Austrian football (soccer) player Matthias Sindelar (1903–1939), one of the best players of his time, the typeface shares two major qualities with its namesake: their technical brilliance and their way of performing aesthetically to the last detail. The football player’s nickname »Der Papierene« (the Paper-man) elegantly refers to the media too. Although optimised for small sizes, Sindelar’s low contrast and robust serifs give the typeface a strong impact and an unmistakable personality in larger sizes. Sindelar’s calligraphic influences can be noticed in the Italics best. The italic letters are inclined by slightly different angles, respecting the letters’ shapes and proportions and resulting in a balanced, yet vivid appearance. Sindelar comes in 18 styles – nine weights in Roman and Italic each. Each font is equipped with a huge character set of about 980 glyphs and various OpenType features.

Vintage, country, distressed or just plain worn out. The Texas general store on the side of the highway that has been there since 1954 and they're still selling old fashion bottled soda. A renovation/excavation at a downtown urban construction site reveals the old ad on exterior brick. Barn Owl provides the headline in your project with the ultimate in aged retro visualization. It is a basic minimal font set which includes only uppercase letterforms. It is a headline font best used above 36 points in size. The first of our “Trifonictype” (Tin Sign is the 2nd) there are three components to the font, Barn Owl Outline, Barn Owl Fill and Barn Owl Shadow. These can be used in different combinations for different effects, copy and paste type then indicate a different font each time. Paste in the front or back in application to see effects in combination. Fill and Shadow could be used with irregular letter spacing for various effects. Outline could be used with just Shadow for a another effect. Use your photo manipulation program to overlay and change the transparency of your headline. There are a few extended glyphs and barn(ding)bats in the lowercase letter strokes indicated in a poster sample, these are found only in the Barn Owl Outline. Download PDF manual for complete showing.

Geiger is a geometric typeface inspired by type found in the intros of Commodore 64 games, its attention to the grid and its limited set of building blocks. The design of Geiger respects these criteria to create a sturdy alphabet without diagonals, and loosen its grip on the classic limitations to produce a complete character set worthy of today`s high-resolution displays with a retro touch. The properties of classic computing platforms, like their limited memory and low-resolution displays, required that the designers and programmers of the time devise and use certain techniques to produce interesting visual results. These platforms offered limited sets of default building blocks from which to build more complex graphics and type, and some skilled coders would work around these limitations to produce the unexpected. One of the areas that saw experimental digital type flourish is the Commodore 64 intro scene. The Geiger family includes four styles (regular, oblique, bold and bold oblique), all include common ligatures (fi, ff, ffi, fj, fl, jj, tt, Th, TT) and a few stylistic alternates (K, L). A particular attention was paid to the pattern created by the vertical stem and negative spaces of tightly set text, especially for Geiger Bold. Geiger produces good results at a size of 30pt or more, but we suggest using it at higher display sizes.

With the Josef K *, Julia Sysmäläinen continues her artistic debate on Franz Kafka’s writing style. This time the designer of FF Mister K is not drawn to Kafka’s literary works created at night but to those the writer produced at daytime as a high-ranking, confident bureaucrat – Dr Franz Kafka. The typefaces Josef K “Paneuropean” and “Strong European” echoe Kafka’s prestigious status at the Workmen’s Accident Insurance Institute of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Their ductus, originating from a broad-nibbed ink pen combines a clear, self-confident stroke with the calligraphic features so typical for Franz Kafka’s handwriting. While both typefaces are more straightforward and bolder than the wonderfully erratic fonts of the FF Mister K family Josef K Paneuropean is best characterized as a semibold handwriting textface. Josef K Strong European, Sysmäläinen’s latest “K”-accomplishment, provides an ideal complement to it as a distinctly bold display face – great for headlines, product names and branding. It combines perfectly not only with Josef K Paneuropean but also with all the FF Mister K textfaces. Both Josef K Paneuropean and Josef K Strong European have Western, Central European and Extended Cyrillic character sets. With more than 2500 glyphs they support over 100 languages. *Kafka’s persona Josef K is a leading bank officer – reminiscent of the author himself – in the novel The Trial.

MVB Embarcadero lies in a space between grotesque sans serifs and the vernacular signage lettering drawn by engineers. It’s a style that happens to convey credibility and forthrightness without pretense—it’s anti-style, actually. All of this makes for the most versatile of typefaces, capable of delivering any kind of message while staying out of the way. As is often the case with a type design that develops over several years, Embarcadero isn’t the realization of a specific concept. In the ’90s Mark van Bronkhorst began digitizing a blocky slab serif from the Victorian era, which was then set aside for many years. He later revisited the design, paring it down to its bare essentials, and as more time passed, it evolved from a grid-based outline to curves that echoed the rigid skeleton of the original. Eventually it became a complete family with all the readability requirements of a text sans serif, yet maintaining the subtle eccentricities of its inspiration. Functionally, the Embarcadero family is as adaptable as its design. The OpenType Pro set of 20 fonts contains two widths and five weights, each with italics, small caps, a full set of figures, bullets and arrows, and support for most Latin-based languages. In all, Embarcadero is suitable for headlines or text. And—thanks to its simple, square form—it’s ideal for type on screen too.

Redwinger is a captivating display font designed with a games theme, featuring different proportions of letters and sharp, uneven borders. This font showcases different proportions in its letterforms, adding a sense of variety and excitement to the font. Each uppercase letter has its own distinct width and height, creating a visually engaging composition. This design choice adds a playful and dynamic element to the font, reflecting the diversity and unpredictability of the gaming world. The sharp and uneven borders of Redwinger enhance its edgy and adventurous aesthetic. The jagged edges and irregular shapes give the font a distinctive and daring look, evoking a sense of action and intensity. This unique feature adds a touch of excitement and captures the spirit of gaming. For the best legibility you can use it in the bigger text. Enjoy the available features here. Features: Stylistic Sets Multilingual Supports PUA Encoded Numerals and Punctuations Redwinger fits in headlines, logos, posters, titles, branding materials, print media, editorial layouts, website headers, and any other projects that aim to transport players into thrilling virtual worlds. Find out more ways to use this font by taking a look at the font preview. Thanks for purchasing our fonts. Hopefully, you have a great time using our font. Feel free to contact us anytime for further information or when you have trouble with the font. Thanks a lot and happy designing.

Trasandina is a very unique font-family: a modern, versatile, workhorse typeface with a special personality, given by the mix of humanist and geometric models, remaining far from both extremes. This typeface has 9 styles plus their matching italics, it has an incredible wide range of weights, from very thin to an ultra thick stem. This was made following the Luc(as) de Groot’s Interpolation Theory. Trasandina’s versatility also resides in the +800 characters that each weight includes, having several open type features and language support for more than 200 languages. This font has been specially designed for web (using hinting instructions), making it work in small and large sizes on different types of screen resolutions. Trasandina’s most interesting feature is its flexibility: On one hand, is easy to read thanks to its humanistic letterforms which allow this typeface to be legible in small sizes while remaining neutral (specially around its middle weights). And, at the same time, it’s perfect for logos and posters that need a lot more personality, this is mainly due to its more geometric nature in light and bold weights. Thank you for your support! It’s people like you that allow our team to keep enjoying creating new fonts. That’s why we’d like to hear from you! Send us your work using our fonts: info@tipotype.com, and you'll have a special 50% OFF on Tipotype at Myfonts

History is always in sight; it is constantly being reconsidered and reformulated in the context of now. We see approaches to art, fashion, textiles, homewares, furnishings … not to mention music, graphics and everything else that culturally enriches our daily lives, revisited and made anew for today.    Address Sans indulges in the spirit and aesthetics of mid-century Modern – Italian industrial design, sleek coffee makers, stylish cars, seductive jazz pressed on vinyl – with a charm and charisma that defies time. It evokes history but is decisively created for today.    Its design, in reality, is rooted in the condensed structure and block modulation of early 1950s German lettering intended for use in street signage, but when we started to work on the various weights and widths, the result was a set of fonts in a style similar to the typographic work developed by Butti and Novarese in the 60s. The multitude of potential applications for Address Sans then became clear.    In a range of 3 widths and 8 weights each, Address Sans includes little verses, true italics, small caps and numerous alternative signs for a total of 48 fonts. The result is a functional typeface that is effortlessly seductive, with geometric features and design details that ooze cool, and take it away from mere reinterpretation towards typographic forms that adapt perfectly for contemporary use.

Right Swipe is a fantastic sans serif brush font duo. The sans serif font, in the Right Swipe, is the epitome of simplicity and elegance. Designed in uppercase, it boasts clean lines and a minimalist aesthetic, making a versatile look. This sans serif typeface is all about timeless sophistication and modern appeal. In contrast to its sans serif, the brush font adds a touch of creativity and spontaneity to the duo. The brush font's characters are made in round shapes and consistent proportions, creating a harmonious appearance. Each letter is meticulously crafted with fluid strokes, evoking a sense of warmth and approachability. Together, this duo offers a harmonious balance of elegance and creativity. This combination of a simple and refined sans serif font with a warm and inviting brush font allows you to strike the perfect tone for your design projects. In addition, enjoy the features here. Features: Multilingual Supports PUA Encoded Numerals and Punctuations Right Swipe fits in headlines, logos, posters, flyers, branding materials, print media, editorial layouts, and many more vintage-inspired designs. Find out more ways to use this font by taking a look at the font preview. Thanks for purchasing our fonts. Hopefully, you have a great time using our font. Feel free to contact us anytime for further information or when you have trouble with the font. Thanks a lot and happy designing.

John Seddon (1644-1700), was a famous English writing master, the leading calligrapher of his time, and master of Sir John Johnson’s Free Writing School in Priest’s Court, Foster Lane. His portrait was drawn by William Faithorne and was engraved by John Sturt as the frontispiece for his copy-books, such as ‘The Ingenious youth’s companion’ of c.1690 and 'The pen-man’s paradise' of c.1695. These were engraved after his work by others. Your extra-rare book - "The Pen-mans Paradise Both pleasent & Profitable OR Examples of all ye usuall hands of this Kingdome. Adorn'd with variety of ffigures an Flourishes done by Command of hand. Each ffigure being one continued & entire Track of the pen most where of may be struck as well Reverse (or to answer bothwayes) as Forward", London (1965). - (YES, that is the title of the book!) was the starting point to these new extra accurated works of Iza W, a series of revivals of the penmanship Seddon’s artworks, like this highly ornamented animal kingdom inspired capitals and alphabets: the Seddon Penmans Paradise Capitals typeface. And, on the other hand, you can get the animal and human kingdon inspired penmanship forms in the Bestiario font. The “SeddonsFleurons” will complete the collection. Fantastic choice to elaborated barocque/renaissance inspired and historical accurated layouts.

Syntax was designed by Swiss typographer Hans Eduard Meier, and issued in 1968 by the D. Stempel AG type foundry as their last hot metal type family. Meier used an unusual rationale in the design of this sans serif typeface; it has the shapes of humanist letters or oldstyle types (such as Sabon), but with a modified monoline treatment. The original drawings were done in 1954; first by writing the letters with a brush, then redrawing their essential linear forms, and finally adding balanced amounts of weight to the skeletons to produce optically monoline letterforms. Meier wanted to subtly express the rhythmical dynamism of written letters and at the same time produce a legible sans serif typeface. This theme was supported by using a very slight slope in the roman, tall ascenders, terminals at right angles to stroke direction, caps with classical proportions, and the humanist style a and g. The original foundry metal type was digitized in 1989 to make this family of four romans and one italic. Meier completely reworked Syntax in 2000, completing an expanded and improved font family that is available exclusively from Linotype GmbH as Linotype Syntax. In 2009 the typeface family was renamed into a more logical naming of "Syntax Next" to fit better in the Platinum Collection naming." Syntax® Next font field guide including best practices, font pairings and alternatives.

A narrow, modern Slab Serif. JOSEFOV is directly derived from the sans serif text font ”Hedwig“. Therefore, of course, it pairs best with “Hedwig”. The basic thought was to create a font with heavy rounded serifs in the style of ”Clarendon“ but which hardly reminds one of that particular font. The form principle of rounded serifs is applied whenever possible — for example at the points where the individual strokes of the characters join one another. JOSEFOV seems very technical, very constructed (and truly is). In order to soften up the rigid impression, the serifs are applied at some points contrary to the tradition handed down, as with the upper case A C G K M V W and the lower case a b d h i j k l s t. Historically there is no example of the laterally oriented serifs of capital and small s (S) and C G. On the other hand, the double-sided serifs on the stems of b d h k l appear at the beginning of modern times in the very first serif types from five hundred years ago. The double-sided serifs of A M V W were also customary in the first decades of printing. JOSEVOV is particularly suitable for topics such as nature, folklore, culture, music, nutrition.

Presenting Kaizen! A Bold Handbrush Font in 2 Versions. This font made with the perfect combination of each character. You can combine with Extra to get a unique combination. It looks original and can be used for all your project needs. Each glyph has its own uniqueness and when meeting with others will provide dynamic and pleasing proximity. This font can be used at any time and in any project. You can see in the presentation picture above, Kaizen looks unique and Japanese style on design projects. So, Kaizen can't wait to give its touch to all your design projects such as quotes, poster design, personal branding, promotional materials, website, logotype, product packaging, etc. WHAT'S INCLUDED? 1. Kaizen Version One (Solid) • The first version comes with uppercase, lowercase, ligatures, numeral, punctuation, symbols, and Standard Latin Multilingual Support (Afrikaans, Albanian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanisch, Swedish, Zulu, and More). 2. Kaizen Version Two (Inline texture) • The first version comes with uppercase, lowercase, ligatures, numeral, punctuation, symbols, and Standard Latin Multilingual Support (Afrikaans, Albanian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanisch, Swedish, Zulu, and More). 2. Extra Swashes • Included 6 Underline Swashes. You can feature all with typing c_1 until c_6 (in both versions) A Million Thanks Colllab Studio

Boston Skyline is a carefully hand-crafted duo of premium Sans & Script fonts, designed to create a bold, authentic, and timeless lettering combination. The contrasting yet complimentary strong sans and free-flowing script lend themselves perfectly as primary and secondary fonts for logo designs, product packaging, eye catching quotes and display text. Here’s what’s included in this product: Boston Skyline Rough • A hand drawn script font with authentic textures built-in. Contains upper & lowercase characters, all punctuation and numerals. Boston Skyline Rough Alt • This is a second version of Boston Skyline Rough, with a completely new set of upper & lowercase characters. If you wanted to avoid letters looking the same each time to recreate a custom-made style, or try a different word shape, simply switch to this font for an additional layout option. Boston Skyline Sans Rough • A bold Sans font with a built-in rough 'letterpress' texture. Contains uppercase characters, all punctuation and numerals. Boston Skyline Swashes • This font contains 26 swashes, perfect for underlining your script text and adding some extra custom flair. Simply install this font separately and type any a-z character when using this font to generate a swash. Clean Versions • Are included for all fonts with textures completely removed and edges smoothed. Language Support; All fonts support English, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Indonesian, Malay, Hungarian, Polish, Turkish, Slovenian

Sabine is an Arabetic type design with a calligraphic flavor. It follows the guidelines of the Mutamathil Taqlidi type style with one glyph for every basic Arabic Unicode character or letter, as defined in Unicode Standards version 5.1, and one additional, final-position, glyph for each Arabic letter that is normally connected with other letters from both sides in traditional cursive Arabic strings. Sabine employs variable x-height values. It includes all required Lam-Alif ligatures and uses ligature substitutions and selected marks positioning but it does not use any other glyph substitutions or forming. Text strings composed using types of this family are non-cursive with stand-alone isolated glyphs. Tatweel (or Kashida) glyph is a zero width space. Keying it before any glyph will display that glyph isolated form. In Sabine Kashidah, Irsal, and Tasmim keying Tatweel (shift J) after certain glyphs will replace it with a long stroke glyph. In Sabine Tasmim, keying it a second time will replace glyph with a final form swash (Irsal) glyph. In Sabine Irsal all final forms are swash glyphs. Keying Tatweel before Alif Lam Lam Ha will display the Allah ligature. Sabine family includes both Arabic and Arabic-Indic numerals; all required diacritic marks, Allah ligature, in addition to standard English keyboard punctuations and major currency symbols. Fonts are available in regular and italic styles.

Font is the most significant design element which can be difficult to find the excellent one for a certain design. For that reason, we offer you a solution by combining two fonts into one. With Thunder Garage, finding a perfect font combination is never this easy. Thunder Garage is a duo font combination between brush and sans serif fonts which you use together in one design. Each font is beautifully created to support one another perfectly. Using a duo font gives interesting contrast and visual variations to your designs. The brush font is made similar to a handwriting style with brush details to show you personal, informal impressions. You are free to use this duo font as either one lovely set or as separated parts based on your needs. In addition, enjoy the other features available in this font. Features: Ligatures Multilingual Supports PUA Encoded Numerals and Punctuations Thunder Garage fits best for various design projects, such as brandings, posters, banners, logos, magazine covers, quotes, headings, printed products, merchandise, social media, etc. Find out more ways to use this font by taking a look at the font preview. Thanks for purchasing our fonts. Hopefully, you have a great time using our font. Feel free to contact us anytime for further information or when you have trouble with the font. Thanks a lot and happy designing.

Your designs are your self expressions and should represent your personal styles. Without the right font, it will be hard to be prominent and to impress your audience. Lost Buster is here to assist you. Lost Buster is a capitalized handwritten font in brush details to produce a manual brush-looking display adding creativity values to designs with this font. It also gives more personal, natural impressions to make people feel close to the brand or design displayed. The advantages of a brush-detailed handwritten font are first, the unique display to get the brand or the design easily remembered and noticed, and second, legible, applicable for various media. You can also apply this font for various text sizes for its legibility reason and enjoy the available features here. Features: Alternates Multilingual Supports PUA Encoded Numerals and Punctuations Lost Buster fits best for various design projects, such as brandings, posters, banners, headings, magazine covers, quotes, invitations, name cards, printed products, merchandise, social media, etc. Find out more ways to use this font by taking a look at the font preview. Thanks for purchasing our fonts. Hopefully, you have a great time using our font. Feel free to contact us anytime for further information or when you have trouble with the font. Thanks a lot and happy designing.

Designed over three years after the second World War, and published in 1949 by the Nebiolo foundry, Normandia was Alessandro Butti’s take on the fat face. As it usually was with Butti’s designs, this face effectively injected a catchy yet expertly calculated calligraphic spin into its source of inspiration — which was the essentially geometric/deco, thicker model of Bodoni’s very popular aesthetic. The metal Normandia saw some widespread use for a handful of years after its publication, not least because of the multitude of sizes in which it was available. It stepped out of the limelight by the mid-1950s, due to a combination of the popularity of cold type and Nebiolo’s refusal to retool its faces for new technologies. It was copied by a few small film typesetting outfits on both sides of the Atlantic, but never really found its way back to the mainstream. By the time computer type became the norm, Normandia was pretty much relegated to a type historian’s collection of anecdotes. This digital update of the classic series revives and refines the three original metal designs (Tonda/Regular, Corsiva/Italic, and Contornata/Outline) and expands the character set to more than 600 glyphs per font, including small caps, six types of figures, fractions and nut fractions, a full set of f-ligatures, some stylistic alternates, and other fine typography niceties.