This set of decorated initial letters was inspired by those used in 1510 in Nancy (France, Lorraine) for printing of "Recueil ou croniques des hystoires des royaulmes d'Austrasie ou France orientale[...]" Author Symphorien Champion, unknown printer. There were three sorts of initials family, but only one complete and clear, except a very few characters. The printer used some letters to represent others, as V, turned over to make a A, D to make a Q, M for E, So, the reconstruction was a little less difficult. Thorn, Eth, L slash and O slash were also added. The original font's letters was only drawn in white on a black background only, but it was tempting to propose a negative version in black on white. A few letters have multiple appearance, but only the A was clear enough to be reproduced. It can be used as variously as web-site titles, posters and flyer design, publishing texts looking like ancient ones, or greeting cards, all various sorts of presentations, as a very decorative, elegant and luxurious additional font... This font supports strong enlargements revealing its fine details and remaining very smart. Its original medieval height is about one inch equivalent to about three to four lines of characters. This font may be used with all our blackletter fonts, but as well with "1543 Humane Jenson", "1557 Italic" and "1742 Civilite", without any fear about anachronism.

Milton Glaser on designing Babyfat: “This is the first alphabet I ever designed. For some inexplicable reason I called it Babyfat. Because I’m not a type designer, most of my alphabets are actually novelties or graphic ideas expressed typographically. Here the idea was to take a gothic letter and view it simultaneously from two sides. It started out as a rather esoteric letterform; it ended up being used in supermarkets for ‘Sale’ signs.” This forced perspective 3-D font has appeared on many LP covers and posters from the mid 1960s onward. This revival includes the original lowercase for the first time in digital form. Besides the three original styles (Outline, Shaded, and Black) made for photo typesetting, the new P22 Glaser Babyfat introduces six additional variations to allow the user to easily colorize the type as Glaser envisioned. The Keyline, Fill, Glyph, Left, Right, and Down font styles give the user nearly infinite options to create dynamic chromatic effects. P22 Glaser Babyfat was based on original drawings and phototype proofs from the Milton Glaser Studios archives. Typographic punctuation and sorts were imagined by James Grieshaber to work with Glaser’s design, as well as diacritics to accommodate most European languages. Over the years there have been many typefaces that borrowed heavily from the Glaser designs, but these are the only official fonts approved by Milton Glaser Studio and the Estate of Milton Glaser.

Parsi Font family is designed by Naghi Naghashian. This Font is developed on the basis of specific research and analysis on Arabic characters and definition of their structure. This innovation is a contribution to modernization of Arabic typography, gives the font design of Arabic letters real typographic arrangement and provides more typographic flexibility. This step was necessary after more than two hundred years of relative stagnation in Arabic font design. Parsi supports Arabic, Persian, and Urdu. It also includes proportional and tabular numerals for the supported languages. Parsi Font is available in Light, Regular and Bold. Parsi design fulfills the following needs: A Explicitly crafted for use in electronic media fulfills the demands of electronic communication. Parsi is not based on any pre-digital typefaces. It is not a revival. Rather, its forms were created with today’s technology in mind. B Suitability for multiple applications. Gives the widest potential acceptability. C Extreme legibility not only in small sizes, but also when the type is filtered or skewed, e.g., in Photoshop or Illustrator. Parsi's simplified forms may be artificial obliqued in InDesign or Illustrator, without any loss in quality for the effected text. D An attractive typographic image. Parsi was developed for multiple languages and writing conventions. E The highest degree of geometric clarity and the necessary amount of calligraphic references. This typeface offers a fine balance between calligraphic tradition and the contemporary sans serif aesthetic now common in Latin typography.

Dupont Gothic is a sleek and contemporary sans-serif font that embodies elegance, clarity, and modernity. With its clean lines, balanced proportions, and distinctive character, Dupont Gothic is a versatile typeface that can be used in many ways. The simplicity of Dupont Gothic lends itself to a wide range of applications. Whether used for headlines, body text, or branding, this font possesses a quality to effortlessly adapt to different design contexts. The font comes in 10 weights with matching oblique characters, 2 widths, and 2 style sets that ensure the endless combinations and possibilities.

Admiral was inspired by and extrapolated from the Art Nouveau lettering incised into the facade of a local hostelry. This gave us some inspiration for the capitals 'A', 'B', 'C', 'E', 'H', 'I', 'L', 'O', 'S', 'T' and 'U'; we then had great fun extrapolating the rest! The source of the name Admiral can be spotted if you look at characters such as 'A', 'H' and 'N'. Admiral's distinctive charm and humour lends it to projects with a 1900s Art Nouveau theme, be they book covers, posters, signage, invitations, cards, or anything else you enjoy!

Our Maiden Orange Pro is a light and festive slab serif font inspired by custom hand lettered 1950's advertisements. Clean and legible, while also being offbeat and friendly, this font lends itself to a wide variety of uses. The SmallCaps and extensive figure sets offer a slightly more serious tone as well as a wider range of design use. Opentype features include: - SmallCaps. - Full set of Inferiors and Superiors for limitless fractions. - Tabular, Proportional, and Oldstyle figure sets (along with SmallCaps versions of the figures). - Stylistic Alternates for Caps to SmallCaps conversion.

Neoncity is a bold and fresh display font with a vintage feel. Inspired by the flashing 80’s, it will add a distinct look to any design project. This font is perfectly used in larger type sizes, above 48 pt. Neoncity is perfect for a design that wants to imitate neon—use it in Photoshop, InDesign, Illustrator or Corel with color & blend effects, and its geometry also lends itself for signage, packaging, posters, branding, event invites, quote, blog posts, social media, and more! Thanks and have a wonderful day, Dedi T

Our Englebert Pro draws inspiration from the title screen of the 1930's film entitled, "Der Blaue Engel", starring Marlene Dietrich. Playful but subdued, yet striking enough to catch the eye, this casual sans has a distinct signature look to it. The offbeat letterforms engage the reader, while the SmallCaps and extensive figure sets lend a wider versatility to the typeface. Opentype features include: - SmallCaps. - Full set of Inferiors and Superiors for limitless fractions. - Tabular, Proportional, and Oldstyle figure sets (along with SmallCaps versions of the figures). - Stylistic Alternates for Caps to SmallCaps conversion.

A festive spin off our Maiden Orange Pro typeface, Maiden Orange Inline Pro comes packed with all of the features of the original Maiden Orange Pro typeface, but adds a little more visual flavor with hand drawn inline cuts, leaning even more towards the custom hand lettered 1950’s advertisements that inspired the original. Clean and legible, while also being offbeat and friendly, this font lends itself to a wide variety of uses. The SmallCaps and extensive figure sets offer a slightly more serious tone as well as a wider range of design use.

Squoosh Gothic is a serious new contender in the arena of headline fonts. Upright and condensed, Squoosh’s whimsical name belies its true nature. Though, that’s not to say it’s totally devoid of a sense of merriment – it just values a more orderly, regulated kind of tomfoolery. Mad-libs for instance, or The Times cryptic crossword. Its mature but unmistakably witty attitude can go a great distance to lending a sense of culture and an air of scintillation to your designs. Don’t miss out on this sanguine new font, Squoosh Gothic from Thinkdust, available now.

Linotype Compendio is a part of the Take Type Library, chosen from the contestants of the International Digital Type Design Contests from 1994 and 1997. Christian Bauer designed this font based on the basic forms of Transitional faces of the 17th century. The outer contours of the letters are purposely raw and irregular, much like alphabets printed on low-quality paper. The legibility of the font is thus reduced, making it necessary to use this font only for shorter texts or headlines, but it is exactly this characteristic which lends Linotype Compendio its distinctiveness.

The capital alphabet Charlemagne was designed in 1989 by Carol Twombly. The basic forms are modelled on those used in classical Roman engravings. They are distinguished by pointed serifs which sometimes extend beyond the bounds of the forms, for instance on the E, F and S. These serif forms have made other historial appearances, for example, in handwritten rectangular capitals of the 9th century. The serifs lend the typeface a light ornamental touch. Charlemagne is a typical titling typeface and is best used in large and very large point sizes to emphasize its classical elegance.

"Inferno Corner" is a 3D layered graffiti font characterized by sharp corners. Fonts like this incorporate multiple layers to create a three-dimensional effect and emphasize angular or pointed edges, often enhancing the font's dynamism and visual impact. This font is particularly fitting for various street-related projects where a bold and edgy typographic style is desired. Whether used in posters, street art, or any design endeavor aimed at the urban environment, "Inferno Corner" can lend a striking and attention-grabbing aspect to your text, contributing to the overall street-style aesthetics of your project.

A heavy, cartoonish and fun font based on a hand lettered 1960s advertisement. The hand-lettered original gave me the idea to expand this into an OpenType font with multiple interlocking ligatures. There are over 260 alternate ligatures found the in the "Discretionary Ligatures" OpenType Feature, which will lend the font a hand drawn look. The ligature glyphs can also be accessed via the glyph palette. Great for any design that requires a fun and light-hearted mood. Contains language support for both Latin-based and most Eastern European languages.

A typeface based on early Constructivism Design and Early 20th Century Type form the Modernist Movement. Cap Height for the font has been extended to represent early 20th century typography more closely, while rounded shoulders add a contemporary, modern feel, allowing the design to bridge both centuries. Cobalt Bold works best for headers and titles, while Cobalt Medium and Regular lend themselves to body text. Cobalt Text has smaller Cap Heights, Ascenders, and Descenders, and has been designed where smaller leadings in a body of copy is needed.

Bodoni Classic Stencil is another of my personal additions to the Bodoni Classic Family that Giambattista would have never made. In his days people had enough skill and the neccessary time to put beautiful handlettering on parcels and cases. No need for stencils! Today we do not need them either since shipping has gone barcode crazy, but for some reason stencil-letters are very much in fashion. Bodoni letters lend themselves perfectly to be stenciled so I just did the whole alphabet; not just the capitals. Yours, Gert Wiescher

Child Rainy" is a charming and whimsical display font characterized by its cute and quirky nature, featuring sharp corners in every letterform. Fonts with sharp corners often exhibit a playful yet edgy design, adding a unique and distinctive touch to the characters. This font can be an excellent choice for various creative projects, especially those targeting children's themes, playful designs, or any context where a combination of cuteness and a touch of edge is desired. Its blend of adorable and sharp elements can lend a distinctive visual appeal to your designs.

Meet Satimela Script, a modern wedding calligraphy font that lends a modern edge to wedding stationery, elegant logos and branding, websites, calligraphy quotes, and more! Included are a full set of beginning and ending lowercase swashes, for a custom handwritten look. Satimela Script Features - Full Set of standard - Alphabet and punctuation - Extra set of Beginning - Ornament - Extra set of beginning swashed lowercase - Three full sets of ending lowercase alternates - Extra stylistic alternates and ligatures PUA Encoded - no special software needed to access extra swashed characters Multilingual Characters (ÁÂÄÀÅÃÆÇÐÉÊËÈÍÎÏÌÑÓÔÖÒØÕŒÞÚÛÜÙẂŴẄẀÝŶŸỲ áâäàåãæçðéêëèíîïìñóôöòøõœþßúûüùẃŵẅẁýŷÿỳŠšŽž€£¥ªº)

German designer Anne Boskamp created the Goodies font family in 2002. These two fonts, Goodies A and Goodies B, are both very illustrative, and their letterforms look similar to the drawings and paintings of Joan Miro. Using Goodies in your work adds a personal, sensitive creative touch. The design of the Goodies fonts lend it to use in larger point sizes, where the expressive quality of the line may be seen inside these elegant creations. Both fonts are included in the Take Type 5 collection from Linotype GmbH."

Designed by Les Usherwood. Chelsea is a ‘modern’ Old Style serif font family designed by Les Usherwood (Typsettra) in the early 1980’s. Steve Jackaman (ITF) digitally engineered the family exclusively for ITF’s Red Rooster Collection in 1993. Usherwood drew influence from Frederic Goudy’s 1911 creation ‘Kennerley Old Style’ when designing Chelsea; Chelsea, however, tends to be wider with a taller x-height. Chelsea has the clean and upscale feel that is present in all Usherwood creations, and its legible design lends itself to projects of any size.

Tomket Boys is a fun and relaxing typeface ready to perfect your designs. This font lends itself to full color in a design so that the design feels alive. with support Uppercase, Lowercase, Numbers, Symbol, Ligature, Multilingual. Tomket Boys is perfect for product names, advertising designs, children's game titles, event titles, t-shirt designs, posters, web, banners, book covers, social media, and other designs. Compatible with design studios such as Photoshop, Affinity Design, Adobe Illustrator or Silhouette. That makes it great for creative projects. Thank you, Toni Dzulham - Dumadistyle

The extravagant Odin was designed by Bob Newman in 1972. Its figures display constructed basic forms and when set into words, the typeface builds closely set lines. The strong serifs catch the reader's eye and draws it horizontally across the page. The forms of the capital letters are particularly distinctive. In the upper third, the stroke beginnings seem to form a roof over the body of the letter, fragmented by a fine white line that lends them independence and dominance. Odin is best used for headlines in display point sizes.

Ludwigon is a contemporary serif typeface that seamlessly melds timeless elegance with a modern sensibility. With its gracefully elongated serifs and refined letterforms, Ludwigon exudes sophistication and readability, making it a versatile choice for a wide range of applications. Its clean lines and balanced proportions lend an air of classic refinement, while subtle design nuances, such as tapered stroke endings and graceful curves, infuse it with a touch of contemporary flair. Ludwigon strikes a harmonious balance between tradition and innovation, making it a compelling choice for projects seeking a timeless yet fresh typographic aesthetic.

Dritch. is a mystical font with a unique and modern geometric style. It is suitable for logos, quotes, social media posts, film titles and stationary. It works with different themes such as mystical, tribal, ethnic, magical, and fantasy. Enjoy! is a fresh, geometric, sans-serif font family. The geometric, near-monoline construction lends a classic durability, tempered by softened edges and vibrant shapes. Friendly and charismatic in lowercase; sophisticated and authoritative in uppercase. Hard lines and sharp corners mesh with smooth, rounded letterforms, while humanist nuances add warmth

The evocative and original Retrofit is based on typefaces of the 1940s and 50s, which extolled the virtues of American products in glossy magazines for the new suburban consumer. Oversized terminal bulbs and occasional slab serifs lend a rhythm and a bouncing baseline provides just the "zing" to spice up that bland typographic treatise. Retrofit's easy familiarity can be seen on children's books, games, food packaging, and other places where a kid friendly note is needed. Retrofit has been adapted by Quickutz for their punched letter cutting tool, and re-named "Maggie".

In the advertising industry, I was often asked to supply the art directors with ideas for a san serif type design that was not the standard Helvetica or Univers. They wanted a fresh new approach, something with generous proportion, like Avant Garde perhaps, but not as uniform in proportions. A font that would lend itself well to wide and long columns of text with lots of leading. So, I rolled up my sleeves and designed a font that meet all their criteria. Contax is the new 'Univers' for the 21st century.

The wind howled, the night grew long, and British type designer and lettering artist Tim Donaldson created the typeface Banshee. This dramatic display face is modeled after one of Donaldson�s handwritten lettering styles. Banshee began as letters rapidly written by Donaldson with one of his homemade ruling" pens. The letterforms are firmly rooted in the tradition of classical chancery italics. With its ragged lines and counters, Banshee realistically captures the irregularity of pen and ink on paper, lending an immediacy to packaging, advertisements, posters, and invitations that few digital typefaces can match."

MGN Marcelino, crafted by Morgana Studio in 2024, is a captivating serif font that exudes timeless elegance. The distinctive serifs, characterized by their generous and slightly rounded contours, lend a unique charm to the typeface. This vintage-inspired font carries a sense of sophistication and nostalgia, making it a perfect choice for projects that seek to evoke a classic and refined aesthetic. MGN Marcelino seamlessly combines modern design sensibilities with a touch of the past, creating a versatile and visually appealing typeface that stands out with its bold and gracefully rounded serifs.

Introducing “Careny” – an elegant and modern typeface. This typeface has a refined look due to its sleek shape and perfect curves. Its modern aesthetic lends a touch of sophistication to any project, from magazine layout to logo branding. Careny is the ideal choice for anyone looking for a versatile and fashionable typeface that effortlessly blends traditional elegance with modern design. Careny is perfect for branding projects, logos, social media posts, advertisements, product packaging, wedding invitations, product design, labels, photography, watermarks, stationery, and more. Features : Uppercase and lowercase Punctuation and symbols Multilingual support Ligatures Alternates

Kindred is an organic and hand-lettered sans typeface. It has a friendly and organic feel that works great for branding, social media, and marketing! Kindred is inspired by hand lettering art - incorporating many letters that fit into each other and swashes that add a hand-drawn feel. The corners are slightly rounded to give it an organic and friendly feel. With so many alternatives and ligatures, each word can be customized to fit the needs of your project. The Details: 34 Standard Ligatures: Enabled by default to create a hand-drawn feel! (Make sure your open-type features are enabled!) These can also be switched out depending on the look you're going for. Over 90 Alternatives: These are the perfect way to make the type look custom-made for your project. Add small details, change double letters, or add swatches that fit around surrounding letters. Language Support: Danish, English, French, German, Irish, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, & Swiss German.

Proudly present Mildstones - Modern Bold Sans, created by ikiiko. A contemporary bold condensed sans serif typeface created to breathe life into headlines with its eye-catching presence. Mildstones attracts attention and takes any design project to a new level with its striking and fashionable look. Each letter in Mildstones has undergone meticulous design in order to convey a sense of power, assurance, and beauty. The font has a sense of verticality and compactness due to the condensed proportions, which also make it easy to fit into small places while keeping outstanding readability. The Mildstones experience is more than simply a font. It has been meticulously designed to be a dependable and powerful typographic in terms of both aesthetic and readability. This type is very suitable for making a headline news, sport advetorial, logotype, branding, poster, magazine layout, quotes, or simply as a stylish text overlay to any background image. What's Included? Uppercase & Lowercase Number & Punctuation Multilingual Support Works on PC & Mac

Carbona is our attempt to imagine the future through typography. The perspective of the future is, perhaps, the greatest force of action humans have. Knowing that there will be a tomorrow is the stimulus we depend on to decide how we are going to act today. This idea is also one of the best fuels for creativity. That's why we thought of Carbona as a typeface in sync with everything that appears on our technological future. From the countless births of new digital currencies to the sending of ultra complex algorithms at 5G speed, the future of any habit, choice or task that we will perform will transit through some super computer located somewhere very far away – who knows even on another planet. The family is designed to deal with the situations of the digital world, today and what is yet to come. It is optimized for programming, contains cryptocurrency symbols, advanced features for use in interfaces, and much more.

Tea Biscuit is a classy upright script family with its roots in the past. It’s inspired by hand lettering of the 1950s, but finished with a modern, smooth appearance. The Tea Biscuit Family contains four weights, each of which contains more than 1200 glyphs, to fulfill the tasks of modern design challenges while retaining a customised look. Tea Biscuit is equipped with plenty of features to achieve a custom-designed look. When the Standard Ligatures function is on, the font automatically chooses different letterforms on the fly, depending on which characters appear first. For a bit of extra flavour, turn on Swash, Stylistic or Titling Alternates in any OpenType-savvy program for even more extra swirls and swashes. The Tea Biscuit family comes with a set of matching Ornaments to support your designs. In addition, Small Caps are included within the fonts: a complete set of frisky block letters that can be used on their own or to support the Script font. Enjoy!

A handwritten decorative font with brush characteristics This attractive decorative script is found in a pamphlet of script samples from around 1900 which was issued by Otto Maier publishing house in Ravensburg/Germany. The forms and flow of Maier’s Nr. 42 are obviously influenced by Art Nouveau. In the original sample, only the Latin alphabet appears. All other characters, especially the Greek and Cyrillic letters, were modeled on elements of the original. A typeface can first reveal a true "handmade" character when the letter forms do not continually repeat themselves – a completely normal occurrence with handwriting. Thanks to OpenType, some key letters of Maier’s Nr. 42 appear in various alternative forms depending on the combination of letters. For example, the difference is obvious between an e followed by i and an e followed by l. Using this principle, a number of letter combinations are presented with alternative character forms so that overall a very lively impression is created.

Nick Curtis's love affair with typography began when he was barely past adolescence, in a neighborhood alley of East Dallas. On a routine patrol for tossed treasures, he came across a type specimen catalog: a big, fat green binder displaying hundreds of fonts! He was hooked. Curtis's career has taken him from production art to graphic design to art direction, but type has always remained his graphic passion, especially the provocative designs produced from the late 19th through the early 20th centuries. Curtis's inspiration for ITC CuppaJoe comes from Art Deco lettering, but not from the typical sources. Depending upon your age or your interest in early twentieth-century package design ITC CuppaJoe might look familiar. Its foundation is the label art for Bokar, A&P's premium coffee during the 1930s. Curtis built on the gently sweeping curves and bold angular strokes of the original coffee-can lettering to create a distinctive typeface that commands attention. Rich, full-bodied, satisfying - now that's a ITC CuppaJoe!

Neon Bugler is a font based on the third logo created by Harry Warren in early 1975 for his sixth grade class newsletter, The Broadwater Bugler, at Broadwater Academy in Exmore, Virginia, on Virginia’s Eastern Shore. This font design has these principles as its parameters: The letters generally follow what would be natural stroke directions; no sharp corners, all gentle turns; no lines back up over each other, cross each other, or run into each other. All of this civility between the lines produces an unintentional but welcome neon quality about it. This font can have a variety of vibes depending on its context--it has a certain nostalgia to it, yet it also has a slick, clean, futuristic look. It can even be used in a semi-grunge setting. This is a very versatile font! And if you like this font, check out the new boxy version of it, Neon Bugler Squared! Digitized by John Bomparte.

Saracen is the Latin (wedge serif) member of The Proteus Project, a collection of four interchangeable type families designed in different nineteenth century styles. The Saracen typeface was designed by Jonathan Hoefler in 1992. Saracen is a design in the ‘latin’ style, characterized by wedge-shaped serifs, a genus of type that emerged in the mid-nineteenth century. A part of The Proteus Project, the typographic theme-and-variations based on related Regency styles, Saracen was created for Rolling Stone, in whose pages the typeface first appeared in 1993 . From the desk of the designer: Though the wedge serif printing type is a nineteenth century innovation, Saracen does not resemble any font from this era. It’s mysterious that typefounders of the Victorian age who sought the extreme and fanciful in their work — exploring all manner of serif treatments, and creating extra-condensed and super-expanded designs — never made a latin font of this straightforward proportion. <

Mr Chips is a love letter to modern text serif families like Century Schoolbook and Scotch Romans of all kinds. There's nothing precious about Mr Chips. He's built sturdily, but with a less upright stance than his forebears, with a lower, more relaxed x-height. Mr Chips is dependable and true, with recognizable shapes that make him a pleasure to read. He's a Clarendon, but without the bulkiness that makes Clarendons difficult in text. Mr Chips has character sets for Western Europe, Cyrillic, and monotonic Greek. He has a full set of true small caps for versatility and hierarchy, and some fun and functional ligatures. His alternate characters include a one-story a and g in the upright versions, straight and curly Ka's and Zhe's in Cyrillic, and two styles of ampersand. He's an all around usable, agreeable guy! Mr Chips is a companion typeface to Miss McGee, also from The Ampersand Forest!

Probeta is an exclusive Sans Serif typeface family, condensed in proportion into three styles: Regular, Italic & Small Caps. Each family consists of 7 weights (Extra Light, Light, Regular, Medium, Semi Bold, Bold and Extra Bold). Plus three bonus fonts: Circle, Cube & arrows • Includes a bonnus font with the purchase of each style! After defining all the proportions of the new typeface, and starting from the drawing of the lowercase letter «o», in an exercise of minimalist construction, I have built all the characters, contributing with this technique, morphological coherence and a balanced reading. I have put special interest in defining the width of each character, depending on the relationship with others, then the configuration of the metrics and the exhaustive definition of Kerning, provide maximum readability in paragraph texts and titles. The use in graphic design, editorial or advertising guarantees originality and difference. Very versatile fonts for billboards, video games, movie titles, logos, publications, etc. They include the symbol of Bitcoin and other Cryptocurrencies.

Neon Bugler Squared is a soft, boxy version of Neon Bugler, which is a font based on the third logo created by Harry Warren in early 1975 for his sixth grade class newsletter, The Broadwater Bugler, at Broadwater Academy in Exmore, Virginia, on Virginia’s Eastern Shore. This font design has these principles as its parameters: The letters generally follow what would be natural stroke directions; no sharp corners, all gentle turns; no lines back up over each other, cross each other, or run into each other. All of this civility between the lines produces an unintentional but welcome neon quality about it. This font can have a variety of vibes depending on its context-it has a certain nostalgia to it, yet it also has a slick, clean, futuristic, sci-fi look. It can even be used in a semi-grunge setting. This is a very versatile font! Digitized by John Bomparte.