Contra Sans is the base of my Contra family of fonts. It has just sufficient contrast to make for easy reading and an interesting appearance.

Character Sans is a detail full sans serif typeface in 5 styles. It features all european languages, ligatures, arrows and minuscule numbers. It's characteristic style features are straightened ends and sharp curves. The lighter weights have great white spaces and their width is orientated on the heavier weights. Character Sans was made to have style and not to be uniform.

Ascender Sans was designed by Steve Matteson as an inventive, exhilarating sans serif design that is metrically compatible with Arial. Ascender Sans offers enhanced on-screen readability characteristics and the pan-European WGL character set and solves the needs of developers looking for width-compatible fonts to address document portability across different platforms. The Ascender Sans Narrow offers enriched on-screen readability characteristics and the pan-European WGL character set and resolve the needs of developers looking for width-compatible fonts to address document portability across platforms. Ascender Sans Narrow contains regular, italic, bold and bold italic fonts.

Questa Sans is a sans serif font family. This typeface has ten styles and was published by The Questa Project.

Quiche Sans is a high-contrast, sans serif with monoline stroke endings, angled stems, and geometric proportions. A sibling to the Quiche family, with the ball terminal endings removed. The design is influenced by the serif didone genre, characterized by its elegance and extreme thick/thins, but it removes the serifs for a unique and modern expression and tapers out the stroke endings for a sophisticated monoline appearance.

Introducing our new product the name Aeronomic Sans Serif Font Family comes with 9 different weights. Modern Sans Serif font that feels beautiful classy, elegant, and modern. This font is perfectly suited for a wide variety of projects, such as signature, stationery, logo, wedding, typography quotes, magazine or book covers, website headers, clothing, branding, packaging design, and more. Also for fashion-related branding or editorial design and displays both masculine and feminine qualities.

Quit trudging through the thick with encumbering fonts, and spring to the front of the pack with the cutting edge sans serif, Haboro Sans. With nothing to clutter up your work, your editorial designs, websites, and software will be sharp and clear. While this hyperfamily is simple in character, it (like Haboro Slab and Haboro as well) provides you with plenty of options. Haboro Sans features simple geometric shapes to help you achieve that perfect effect wherever you use it. Enjoy the comforting reassurance that this multi-tool of a typeface family can work on most anything, including packaging, branding, web copy, and more. Take the simplicity of Haboro Sans a step farther with OpenType features, too. Haboro Sans contains special glyphs like Titling, Small Caps and Oldstyle figures that give your work just enough of a distinct touch. For even more options, use the entire Haboro hyperfamily to expand your capabilities. Put some simple class into your projects with the traditional look of Haboro Sans. Your layouts, websites, iPhone apps, advertising, and newspapers (to name just a few) will thank you.

Based on the Morris F. Benton for ATF in 1920, it was not completed for production until 1926. The serif version we released a few years ago was so popular, that we decided to design a complementary sans serif version in three weights, along with three corresponding Swash fonts.

Spiegel Sans combines the shapes and proportions of an American-style gothic – the ultimate industrial typeface – with subtle diagonal stress and almost imperceptible traces of handwriting.

The new typeface system is based on legibility of Renaissance and Baroque Antiqua. It maintains the quality of drawings without an overpowering historical legacy. The current concept makes the system a universal whole. Abrading of sharp edges which could catch one’s attention leads to a fine rounding of details. In this way, a sans drawing does not look hard and sterile unlike most of its contemporaries. Special attention was paid to every detail of each letter. The professional question of how to incorporate brightening wedges into the dark places of individual strokes’ onsets was resolved by rounded shapes that have their graphic response in the detail of the serifs. Particularly in larger sizes the typeface offers drawing sophistication and dimensional interconnection. Apart from Cyrillic alphabet, the alphabet design includes ­Vietnamese ­accents.

Agrea is a sans serif typeface with 9 weights and italics and variable versions. It’s a typeface that combines the elegance of calligraphy with a modern twist. One of Agrea's defining features is its fluid strokes and deep ink traps, which add a touch of sophistication and uniqueness to your projects. Whether you're designing for natural, organic, or ecological content, Agrea is a nice choice.

S6 sans is a contemporary neo-grotesque sans serif typeface with strong stylistic geometric contrasts. Its distinctive wide-open stance was designed to give the right visual consistency for branding and communications.

Accia Sans is a humanist sans-serif typeface with character. Its strong features make an outstanding performance in branding applications, as well as in editorial designs. The font family contains 8 weights from Thin to Extra Bold, with matching true italics. It supports extensive language support including Cyrillic, as well as numerous OpenType features such as small caps, ligatures, several sets of figures, case-sensitive punctuation, ordinals. Accia Sans is a member of Accia Type System. It encompasses five typefaces ranging from sans-serif to expressive serif, giving you the possibility to create sophisticated cohesive designs. Accia Type system consists of Accia Sans, Accia Flare, Accia Piano, Accia Moderato, and Accia Forte.

A more mature font retaining the clarity of the Sassoon typefaces that accentuate word shape, while omitting the exit strokes. A more legible alternative to standard Sans serif typefaces - superb on the screen. Many alternative letters are included in each font. A typeface designed with the computer screen in mind. It retains maximum legibility even in the most unusual layout - ideal for multi media uses and giving unimagined clarity to menus and navigational aids. Avoid eyestrain with a typeface that accentuates word shape as well as the identity of individual letters. Legible in print at tiny point sizes so ideal for captions. Ideal for older pupils, perhaps at Secondary school, or adults, who no longer require ‘exit strokes’ to clump the letters together. Free to download resources: How to access Stylistic Sets of alternative letters in these fonts

A humanist sans-serif family which displays subtle influences of the edged writing tool. Inspired by modern faces such as Chaparral and Enigma, Arum Sans is versatile enough to be used for high-end text setting as well as display purposes. A full international glyph set, extended for European use, allows Arum Sans to play on the field with the big boys.

Morris Sans is a newly revised and extended version of a small geometric family of typefaces originally produced by Morris Fuller Benton in 1930 for ATF. His initial design consisted of an alphabet of squared capital letters with a unique twist that characterized its appearance: corners with rounded exteriors and right-angle interiors. The types were intended for use in the fine print found on business cards, banking or financial forms, and contracts. But over the ensuing decades, this design became a popular element in all sorts of design environments, and several foundries revived the typeface in digital form. Since digital fonts are bicameral, with slots for both upper and lowercase letters, new cuts of the type opted filled the lowercase slots with small caps. In 2006, Linotype commissioned its own version of the typeface-an extension for 21st century use. Under the advisement of Linotype's type director Akira Kobayashi, Dan Reynolds redrew the uppercase and added an original lowercase for the first time. Additionally, a number of extras were brought into the fonts, including six figure styles (tabular and proportional lining figures, tabular and proportional oldstyle figures, and special tabular and proportional small cap" figures). Small caps, which have become an iconic element over time, are accessible in each font as an OpenType feature. To differentiate this version from the original, Linotype's new family is named Morris Sans, in honor of Morris Fuller Benton. All fonts in the Morris Sans family are OpenType Com fonts; they include a character set capable of setting 48 European languages that employ the Roman alphabet, including all Central and Eastern Europe languages, those from the Baltics, and Turkish. This glyph coverage extends to the small caps as well. Morris Sans is a wide typeface, especially in its regular widths; the condensed faces set a more conventional line of text. The new lowercase letters are less geometric than the uppercase, except for those that share the same basic forms (e.g., c, o, and s). Instead of following this geometric trend, the new lowercase tends to strengthen the humanist elements that were present in several characters from the original type, including the uppercase D and the figures 5, 6, and 9. Morris Sans also sports a number of glyphic flares, like the stroke found on the original uppercase Q. Morris Sans is a clean, modern design best suited for headlines, advertising, posters, expressive signage (especially on storefronts), and corporate identity work."

I set out to design a contemporary font that is condensed with thick and thin strokes. The highly structured forms of this condensed font was made more interesting and softer by giving it a slightly calligraphic tone and by adding round corners. Atto's express purpose is to be both utilitarian, compact and technical but with a friendly face. The name "atto" was adopted since it refers to the measurement of "smallness" or detail. You will no doubt discover all the many pleasant nuances within Atto. Adopted in 1964, "atto" comes from the Danish "atten", meaning eighteen. Atto - (symbol a) a SI prefix to an unit and means that it is 10 to the power- 18 times this unit. Examples are one attosecond or one attometer/attometre. Atto is available in for Mac and Windows in Postscript, Truetype and Opentype.

Gelato is the Italian word for ice cream, commonly used in English for ice cream made in an Italian style. Gelato Sans designed by Ania Wieluńska is a humanistic typeface with geometric construction. It is characterised by a lot of details, which gives it a friendly and warm character. Scalable and large x height, sharp cuts makes Gelato good choice for many purposes from textes to display usage. All family consist 18 styles with italics from hairline to black. Ania was awarded a TDC Beatrice Warde Scholarship for this type family.

Pentay is a Sans Serif typefaces family with 10 styles designed especially for editorial design and publications in general. The proportions of the font as well as the metrics and the kerning have been carefully calculated to obtain maximum readability. The fonts also have a complete set of lowercase alternatives and advanced OpenType features. Pentay fonts are also available in Slab Serif versions that complete a typographic system for editorial and corporate design.

Penumbra is a capitals only design. Based on inscriptional capitals, the style progresses from a sans serif to a serifed design. The Penumbra font family is useful for posters, book jackets and labels.

Randu Sans Serif Display Font Family is a sleek, modern font family with an elegant typography style. Created with clarity and boldness in mind, this font offers a variety of bold and italic styles, providing flexibility in its use. Whether used for titles, headings, or poster designs, the Candied Sans Serif Display Font Family provides the clarity and appeal needed to hold an audience's attention.

Orcin Sans is a functional well crafted sans serif typeface available in 6 styles.

It's time to kick off your shoes and feel the "sans" between your toes. Like Cabrito Inverto , its stress-reversing cousin, the new Cabrito Sans serves up something nice and cool in the heat of the project. A quick recap: the original Cabrito is an insigne Design slab serif produced for the kid's book The Clothes Letters Wear. It's been pretty well-received--even more than I expected. I promised to grow the family with a free-standing inverted style that could pair well with Cabrito. (See Cabrito Inverto.) Now, I'm rounding out the family with this well-crafted sans. And so now, Sans is where it's at. Strip away the serifs of Cabrito, and you have a laid back, rounded sans serif alternative served up over easy. This handwriting-inspired creation--like its relatives--is definitely not uptight about its forms (though not afraid to show them off a little). Cabrito Sans' whole pack of alternates is accessible in any OpenType-enabled program. This kiddo consists of a workforce of alternates, swashes, and alternate titling caps to give the font a little extra sweetener to its flavor. Also bundled are swash alternates, old style figures, and compact caps. Check out the interactive PDF brochure to test out each these options. This font family members also consists of the glyphs for 72 various languages. Cabrito Inverto and Cabrito do pair nicely with Cabrito Sans (in case you doubted). Use Sans--or all three of these amigos--to express friendliness on just about anything: food, candy, toys, cars (if you're feeling bold). Don't wait, though. Purchase Cabrito Sans today, and bring a one-of-a-kind look to whatever your computer's next design party is.

What is a brutalist typeface? The exact definition is anyone’s guess. Regardless, the Nomos superfamily is our take on the genre. Like the eponymous architectural style, Nomos is raw, direct, and honest. Its unrefined aesthetics reveal an orderly construction that is as firmly rooted in classic modernism as in the internet age—with simple, functional letterforms and the blunt convergence of diagonal and vertical stems. The Nomos Sans subfamily is a low-contrast neogrotesk with 18 styles and a set of 1000+ characters. A confident choice for fashion and finance, for apps and advertising: humble and expedient in body text, vigorous in display sizes. Has extra poise when paired with Nomos Slab.

Now even more design possibilities with the popular DIN Next. With its technical and neutral character, DIN Next has earned a permanent place in contemporary typography. Now, DIN Next Slab expands the font family further, offering new design potential. Now comes the next step, DIN Next Slab, also produced under the direction of Akira Kobayashi. On a team with Sandra Winter and Tom Grace, Kobayashi is creating the new font variant based on the optimized shapes of DIN Next. The expansion will make the popular font all the more flexible and versatile. Apart from that, the geometric slab serifs underline the technical and formal nature of the font and emphasize a central design element of DIN Next. However, the team did have some challenges to overcome. While it is relatively easy to imagine DIN Next Light with slab serifs, the amount of available space quickly disappears when it comes to the Black styles. Winter explains that many tests and trials were necessary to find a compromise between space, letters and the serif shapes. Experiments with modified contrast in the weight or only one-sided serifs were quickly abandoned. The central, technical and powerful character of the font changed too much. Nevertheless, it was necessary to simplify slightly the shape of some letters, such as the ‘k’ or ‘x’, for example. These changes, first developed in the Black styles, were applied to all weights in order to lend the font a consistent appearance. Like DIN Next, DIN Next Slab also has seven weights, which cover the range from Ultralight to Black, each with matching italic. There are various character sets in all of the styles and the four middle weights have small capitals available. DIN Next Slab harmonizes perfectly with the styles of DIN Next: the basic letterforms and weights are identical. Both versions of the font can work together perfectly, not just in headlines and body text, but also within a text; they complement each other very well as design variations. With the new DIN Next Slab, Monotype expands the DIN Next super family consistently. With DIN Next Slab, you can underscore the technical and formal nature of the understated font not only in headlines, but in texts, as well. In this way, you have new and diverse potential for application, thanks to the way the different styles of DIN Next combine perfectly.

In 1948, Mergenthaler Linotype released the first weights of Trade Gothic, designed by Jackson Burke. Over the next 12 years Burke, who was the company’s Director of Typographic Development from 1948 through 1963, continued to expand the family. Trade Gothic Next is the 2008 revision of Jackson Burke’s design. Developed over a prolonged period of time, the original Trade Gothic showed many inconsistencies. Under the direction of Linotype’s Type Director Akira Kobayashi, American type designer Tom Grace, a graduate of the MA Typeface Design in Reading, redesigned, revised and expand the Trade Gothic family. Many details were improved, such as the terminals and stroke endings, symbols, and the spacing and kerning. Moreover, there are newly added compressed widths and heavy weights perfect for setting even more powerful headlines. Trade Gothic Next brings more features and better quality for today’s demanding typographers. Trade Gothic Next® font field guide including best practices, font pairings and alternatives.

When the original Aaux was introduced in 2002, I intended to go back and expand the family to offer more versatility. Years went by before I was willing to pick it up again and invest the proper time into building a viable and useful recut. Just putting a new designation and tweaking a few glyphs here and there would not do the designer or the typeface justice; instead, I chose to redraw each glyph's skeleton from scratch for the four main subsets of the super family along with their italics. Each glyph across the super family is 'connected at the hip' with each style—each character carries the no frills, simple architecture that endeared so many users to it. The new recut expands the family to an enormous 72 typefaces! The original has spawned Compressed, Condensed and Wide subsets—all with corresponding weights—for complete flexibility. Additionally, all of the original weight variants have all been incorporated within the OpenType shell: Small Caps and Old Style Figures are there along with new tabular figures, numerators and denominators, expanded f-ligatures and a complete Central European character set.

Cyntho Next Slab is a totally reworked typeface based on our previous bestseller Cyntho Slab Pro. Cyntho Next Slab is the slab serif companion to Cyntho Next . It is a modern geometric slab serif based on a hybrid waterdrop-like shape with extensive language support including Cyrillic, rich with OpenType features, perfect for magazines, posters, advertising, corporate identity, and much more.

Avenir Next Pro is a new take on a classic face—it’s the result of a project whose goal was to take a beautifully designed sans and update it so that its technical standards surpass the status quo, leaving us with a truly superior sans family. This family is not only an update though; in fact it is the expansion of the original concept that takes the Avenir Next design to the next level. In addition to the standard styles ranging from ultralight to heavy, this 32-font collection offers condensed faces that rival any other sans on the market in on and off—screen readability at any size alongside heavy weights that would make excellent display faces in their own right and have the ability to pair well with so many contemporary serif body types. Overall, the family’s design is clean, straightforward and works brilliantly for blocks of copy and headlines alike. Akira Kobayashi worked alongside Avenir’s esteemed creator Adrian Frutiger to bring Avenir Next Pro to life. It was Akira’s ability to bring his own finesse and ideas for expansion into the project while remaining true to Frutiger’s original intent, that makes this not just a modern typeface, but one ahead of its time. Avenir Next Variables are font files which are featuring two axis, weight and width. They have a preset instance from UltraLight to Heavy and Condensed to Roman width. The preset instances are: Condensed UltraLight, Condensed UltraLight Italic, Condensed Thin, Condensed Thin Italic, Condensed Light, Condensed Light Italic, Condensed, Condensed Italic, Condensed Demi, Condensed Demi Italic, Condensed Medium, Condensed Medium Italic, Condensed Bold, Condensed Bold Italic, Condensed Heavy, Condensed Heavy Italic, UltraLight, UltraLight Italic, Thin, Thin Italic, Light, Light Italic, Regular, Italic, Demi, Demi Italic, Medium, Medium Italic, Bold, Bold Italic, Heavy, Heavy Italic.

Avenir Next Pro is a new take on a classic face—it’s the result of a project whose goal was to take a beautifully designed sans and update it so that its technical standards surpass the status quo, leaving us with a truly superior sans family. This family is not only an update though; in fact it is the expansion of the original concept that takes the Avenir Next design to the next level. In addition to the standard styles ranging from ultralight to heavy, this 32-font collection offers condensed faces that rival any other sans on the market in on and off—screen readability at any size alongside heavy weights that would make excellent display faces in their own right and have the ability to pair well with so many contemporary serif body types. Overall, the family’s design is clean, straightforward and works brilliantly for blocks of copy and headlines alike. Akira Kobayashi worked alongside Avenir’s esteemed creator Adrian Frutiger to bring Avenir Next Pro to life. It was Akira’s ability to bring his own finesse and ideas for expansion into the project while remaining true to Frutiger’s original intent, that makes this not just a modern typeface, but one ahead of its time. Avenir Next Variables are font files which are featuring two axis, weight and width. They have a preset instance from UltraLight to Heavy and Condensed to Roman width. The preset instances are: Condensed UltraLight, Condensed UltraLight Italic, Condensed Thin, Condensed Thin Italic, Condensed Light, Condensed Light Italic, Condensed, Condensed Italic, Condensed Demi, Condensed Demi Italic, Condensed Medium, Condensed Medium Italic, Condensed Bold, Condensed Bold Italic, Condensed Heavy, Condensed Heavy Italic, UltraLight, UltraLight Italic, Thin, Thin Italic, Light, Light Italic, Regular, Italic, Demi, Demi Italic, Medium, Medium Italic, Bold, Bold Italic, Heavy, Heavy Italic.

Frutiger Next is Adrian Frutiger's and Linotype's completely new interpretation of the well known typeface Frutiger released in 2000. For these revised forms, the areas of application are almost limitless. Frutiger Next can be used for anything from office communications to multimedia to complex printed materials. The Frutiger Next family contains small caps, oldstyle figures, and other figure options in every font. Adrian Frutiger's eponymous typeface has been used for decades, everywhere from airport signage to book text to corporate logos to the smallest web graphics. The Italics in the original version of Frutiger were based very closely on the Roman forms; in Frutiger Next, they have been re-designed to be true Italics.

TT Travels Next Update 1100. We've expanded the range of stylistic alternates and added a calmer version for lowercase letters t f, uppercase Q, and ligatures fi ffi fj ffj. Thanks to the calmer alternative characters, TT Travels Next can be used in more conservative layouts or in designs that require a certain austerity. TT Travels Next in numbers: • 21 styles: 9 upright, 9 italics, 1 variable font and 2 outline styles • 757 glyphs in each style • Support for more than 190+ languages: extended Latin, Cyrillic and many other languages • 26 OpenType features in each style: stylistic alternates, ligatures, old-style figures, numbers in circles, arrows and other useful features • Amazing Manual TrueType Hinting TT Travels Next useful links: Specimen PDF | Graphic presentation | Customization options Please note! If you need OTF versions of the fonts, just email us at commercial@typetype.org About TT Travels Next: The idea to create an alternative version of the TT Travels font family emerged at the “Mail.ru Design Conf x Dribbble Meetup” that took place in August 2020 in Moscow. All conference branding was designed using the TT Travels font family, and, even though the set was very beautiful, we found that if the typeface were more radical and display, it would have complemented the event's graphics even better. Thus, was born the idea for the TT Travels Next typeface, which was to create a very trendy and modern wide display sans serif for use in different sets, be they print or web. TT Travels Next is an experiment answering the "what-if" question of what would happen if the original TT Travels looked different, less compromising and more radical. The typeface has very wide proportions and characters that almost do not get narrower as you move from the bold styles to a light one. TT Travels Next has an exaggerated closed aperture, low contrast, noticeable visual compensators, and a harmonic combination of soft and sharp shapes. In inclined styles, we have purposefully increased the slant up to 14 degrees so that you can type slashing dynamic inscriptions. In addition, the TT Travels Next typeface has two great outline styles which match the upright styles perfectly and complement them, and also work well as display styles. The TT Travels Next typeface consists of 21 fonts: 9 upright and 9 corresponding italics, two outline styles, and one variable font with two variability axes (weight and slant). Each style consists of 757 characters and supports over 190+ languages. The typeface has 26 useful OpenType features, such as stylistic alternates that change the design of characters responsible for the style, ligatures, pointers, circled figures, and many other useful features. TT Travels Next OpenType features list: aalt, ccmp, ordn, locl, subs, sinf, sups, numr, dnom, frac, tnum, onum, lnum, pnum, case, dlig, liga, calt, salt, ss01 (Alt. Latin & Cyrillic), ss02 (Romanian Comma Accent), ss03 (Dutch IJ), ss04 (Catalan Ldot), ss05 (Turkish i), ss06 (White Circled Numbers), ss07 (Black Circled Numbers). TT Travels Next language support: Acehnese, Afar, Albanian+, Aleut (lat), Alsatian, Aragonese, Arumanian+, Asu, Aymara, Azerbaijani +, Banjar, Basque +, Belarusian (lat), Bemba, Bena, Betawi, Bislama+, Boholano+, Bosnian (lat), Breton +, Catalan+, Cebuano+, Chamorro+, Chichewa, Chiga, Colognian+, Cornish, Corsican +, Cree, Croatian, Czech+, Danish, Dutch+, Embu, English+, Esperanto, Estonian+, Faroese+, Fijian, Filipino+, Finnish, French, Frisian, Friulian+, Gaelic, Gagauz (lat), Galician+, Ganda, German+, Gikuyu, Guarani, Gusii, Haitian Creole, Hawaiian, Hiri Motu, Hungarian+, Icelandic+, Ilocano, Indonesian+, Innu-aimun, Interlingua, Irish, Italian+, Javanese, Jola-Fonyi, Judaeo-Spanish, Kabuverdianu, Kalenjin, Kamba, Karachay-Balkar (lat), Karaim (lat), Karakalpak (lat), Karelian, Kashubian, Kazakh (lat), Khasi, Kikuyu, Kinyarwanda, Kirundi, Kongo, Kurdish (lat), Ladin, Latvian, Leonese, Lithuanian+, Livvi-Karelian, Luba-Kasai, Ludic, Luganda+, Luo, Luxembourgish+, Luyia, Machame, Makhuwa-Meetto, Makonde, Malagasy, Malay+, Maltese, Manx, Maori, Marshallese, Mauritian Creole, Meru, Minangkabau+, Moldavian (lat), Montenegrin (lat), Morisyen, Nahuatl, Nauruan, Ndebele, Nias, Norwegian, Nyankole, Occitan, Oromo, Palauan, Polish+, Portuguese+, Quechua+, Rheto-Romance, Rohingya, Romanian +, Romansh+, Rombo, Rundi, Rwa, Salar, Samburu, Samoan, Sango, Sangu, Sasak, Scots, Sena, Serbian (lat)+, Seychellois Creole, Shambala, Shona, Silesian, Slovak+, Slovenian+, Soga, Somali, Sorbian, Sotho+, Spanish+, Sundanese, Swahili, Swazi, Swedish+, Swiss, German +, Tagalog+, Tahitian, Taita, Talysh (lat), Tatar+, Teso, Tetum, Tok Pisin, Tongan+, Tsakhur (Azerbaijan), Tsonga, Tswana +, Turkish+, Turkmen (lat), Uyghur, Valencian+, Vastese, Vepsian, Volapük, Võro, Vunjo, Walloon, Walser+, Welsh+, Wolof, Xhosa, Zaza, Zulu+, Belarusian (cyr), Bosnian (cyr), Bulgarian (cyr), Erzya, Karachay-Balkar (cyr), Khvarshi, Kumyk, Macedonian, Montenegrin (cyr), Mordvin-moksha, Nogai, Russian+, Rusyn, Serbian (cyr)+, Ukrainian. TT Travels Next font field guide including best practices, font pairings and alternatives.