A condensed, light face spurred serif alphabet was shown on an antique catalog page from Spon & Chamberlain Publishers as “French”. The catalog likely sold tools and dies to stonecutters for making inscriptions in marble, granite and so forth. This elegant design is available digitally as Nouveau Thin JNL in both regular and oblique versions.

Historical printers ornaments researched by Intellecta Design; from the 1882 very rare Richard Gans first catalogue. See also other font families inspired by Gans' original typefaces: Gans Tipo Adorno, Gans Lath Modern, Gans Titular Adornada, Gans Ibarra, Gans Antigua, Gans Antigua Manuscrito, Gans Fulgor, Gans Radio Lumina, Gans Carmem Adornada, Gans Italiana, and Gans Titania.

Historical printers ornaments researched by Intellecta Design; from the 1882 very rare Richard Gans first catalogue. See also other font families inspired by Gans' original typefaces: Gans Tipo Adorno, Gans Lath Modern, Gans Titular Adornada, Gans Ibarra, Gans Antigua, Gans Antigua Manuscrito, Gans Fulgor, Gans Radio Lumina, Gans Carmem Adornada, Gans Italiana, and Gans Titania.

A dingbat/decorative display font featuring many different styles of flourishes and ornaments. Great for a vintage antique feel. See also other font families inspired by Gans' original typefaces: Gans Tipo Adorno, Gans Lath Modern, Gans Titular Adornada, Gans Ibarra, Gans Antigua, Gans Antigua Manuscrito, Gans Fulgor, Gans Radio Lumina, Gans Carmem Adornada, Gans Italiana, and Gans Titania.

A collection of animal drawings in font format. A great set of type dingbats in the genre of farm animals and more. See also other font families inspired by Gans' original typefaces: Gans Tipo Adorno, Gans Lath Modern, Gans Titular Adornada, Gans Ibarra, Gans Antigua, Gans Antigua Manuscrito, Gans Fulgor, Gans Radio Lumina, Gans Carmem Adornada, Gans Italiana, and Gans Titania.

Arabescos ND is part of Neufville Digital's GRAFÍA LATINA Collection. The original name of this collection of typographic decorations is 'FUGUE D´ARABESQUES'. These elements can spice up texts and give them a significance beyond their words. Unlike other typographic decorum these symbols inspired by sea and air have numerous matching points to join them with letters, words and texts.

VLNL Berlagebrug Designer Donald DBXL Beekman daily crosses the Berlage bridge spanning the Amstel river in Amsterdam. The Berlagebrug was built as part of the city planning project ‘Plan Zuid’ by H.P.Berlage and opened in May 1932. Its name, carved out of two granite headstones, sparked the design of this font family. The original lettering is attributed to Anton Kurvers in the early 19th century, and can be seen on many Amsterdam buildings and bridges. It’s typical lettering of the Amsterdamse School, the Dutch equivalent of the expressionist art deco architectural style, and mostly known for its extravagant brick work. VLNL Berlagebrug is a rounded display font that comes in three outline styles matching the building materials used in the bridge. Gietijzer (cast iron) is smooth, Zandsteen (sandstone) has a softly distressed outline, and Graniet (granite) is outspoken rough and crumbled. The capital letters in VLNL Berlagebrug are in the Amsterdamse school style, the lowercases are more straight alternate capitals, giving you more design options.

Nastaleeq (Nasta?l?q) ASC is a script font supporting Urdu. Urdu is the nation language of Pakistan. The Nastaleeq ASC font is Unicode encoded. The Nastaleeq ASC font requires an application program which supports Arabic fonts (right-to-left composition). Urdu is also spoken in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana, Fiji, Germany, Guyana, India, Malawi, Mauritius, Nepal, Norway, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Thailand, the UAE, the UK and Zambia.

Minspire, inspired by my own handwriting. Originally started as part of my "Inspire" project during the pandemic. what was originally a personal challenge to keep my creativity level in difficult times, became a passion to learn making Typefaces professionally. (I don't think there is any school in the world that teaches you that properly). The name is a combination of my initials Mehras Irani, combined with the word inspire. Unicodes included in this family: Basic Latin Latin-1 Supplement Latin Extended-A *This is my first font/typeface design. If there are any mistakes you notice. please contact me and I will make an update to the family.

Zagolovochnaya was based on the letterforms of Zagolovochnaya gazetnaya (Newspaper Display) type family of Polygraphmash in 1962 by Iraida Chepil et al. The face was a revival of Cyrillic version of Caslon designed in the late 1930s. The artworks of Zagolovochnaya gazetnaya were redrawn by Isay Slutsker (1924-2002) in the late 1990s. In spite of its name the font is useful both for display and text matter. The digital version was developed for ParaType in 2002 by Manvel Shmavonyan.

The astype series Accolades B offers the advanced designer a fine set of calligraphic swashes, swirls and figural ornaments. Accolades B and B2 share most of the base set of ornaments but differ in some of the major shapes. If you're looking for some good companion fonts, give Gracia and Adana a try. Every classic high contrast stroke design like Didot or Bodoni works well. Note: Each package comes with a technical documentation and an InDesign2 sample file with lots of ready made borders.

Bagoni Type is a very versatile, clean and visually elegant font inspired by the serif typography used in editorial media in the 80s. Bagoni Type with its high contrast and very simple and easily recognizable shape makes it very easy to read, so it also works with small and long text. Great for magazine pictures, for wedding invitations, for branding, poster design and more. Bagoni Type comes in bold and italics that is complemented by various features of open type. Check out Gradia which is a great pair for Bagoni Type.

Accolades C and C2 share the same main ornaments but differ in finishing. Accolades C uses pearls and diamonds, C2 does not. Accolades CX is an additional fitting set of borders. All fonts are available in two variations. A clean one and a distressed, grungy version (old). The layout samples from the PDF-specimen are included in the font packages and stored in InDesign CS3 format. Mostly all of the featured fonts of the specimen are available on MyFonts, too. Have a look at Secca Art Std, Secca Saloon Std, Gracia, Battista and Prillwitz.

The Confetti is a typeface created about 1930 by the defunct José Iranzo foundry in Barcelona, and imitates the forms and gestures of handwriting created with a round nib as “Speedball”Series B. The original typefaces were a pair, called “Escritura Energica ” and “Escritura maravilla”. The typography has a dynamic air, caused partially by irregular alignment of the characters respect to the baseline and aesthetics takes us to the proposed commercial lettering or advertising of years 20-30. Confetti was one of the fonts selected by the website Typographica.org in its prestigious list of “Our Favorite Typefaces” in 2006.

There's a little restaurant in an old house on a sidestreet in town (Rockland, Maine, USA) called Cafe Miranda. The staff is friendly, the setting intimate, and the appetizer a basket of hot bread fresh from a brick oven. Its ample menu features such entries as "Quasi-Cassoulet" and "Gentle Sole." It's among my favorite local places to dine out. But the menu got photocopied once too often, and Cindy's personable handlettering got faded and broken. So I took matters into my own hands. And here's what I delivered to the newly computerized folks at the little restaurant on Oak Street. You, too, can travel in rather heavy felt-tip style.

Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia, Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Ionian and Dorian Greeks colonized the west of it and joined the Carian population in forming Greek-dominated states there. Carians were described by Herodotus as being of Minoan descent, while he reports that the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians

Meet Coastly, a handwritten font that makes you think about vacation, summer, holidays, friends and family. It’s a calm and relaxing font that works great headlines, posters, product design, quotes, branding, marketing materials and more. This font supports latin alphabet with its accents and glyphs. It also covers the most used punctuation marks and glyphs. Coastly is your friendly go to font. We made it thinking of the Amalfi Coast in Italy and its lemons, explaining its name and colour palette. Thinking of limoncello, lemonade from fresh squeezed lemons, granita, ice cream, beach and ferry trips. But we’ve also associated Coastly with your yearly holidays as: Christmas, Thanksgiving, Easter, New Years Eve, Mothers Day and so on. It’s a celebration of life and what its delights.

Honesty is sans serif font with flared stems. As such, it belongs to the incise genre which is historically inspired by the roman civilisation and letters carved in granite or marble. One of the major example of it is the Trajan’s Column in Rome which inspired a font called Trajan, designed by Carol Twombly in 1989. Honesty is also inspired by more brutal font such as the Albertus, designed in 1938 by Berthed Wolpe, and its shape is highly influence by the work of the hammer. Despite this brutality and urgency due to the carving technique, the design of Honesty bring softness to it thanks to its low contrast and smooth curves. Honesty’s design include 16 styles, from thin to black in roman and italic.

If one were to be visiting Dania Beach in South Florida, they would find on the West side of US 1 just North of Sheridan Street a Bar-B-Q joint located smack dab between a McDonald’s and an all-you-can-eat buffet that took over a closed down Pizza Hut. Charlie’s BarBQ JNL is Jeff Levine’s homage to some great Texas Bar-B-Q - cooked by a Cuban immigrant - served in South Florida... A true American success story, but with a sad ending. Charlie's closed because the landlord wanted the property. for his own use. Charlie now resides in Leon, Nicaragua and runs some successful business ventures there.

NaNa Arabic is a new creation of Naghi Naghashian. It was developed in 2012/2013 on the basis of specific research and analysis of Arabic characters and definition of their structure. This innovation is a contribution to the modernisation of Arabic typography, giving the font design of Arabic letters real typographic arrangement and providing greater typographic flexibility. This step was necessary after more than two hundred years of relative stagnation in Arabic font design. NaNa Arabic supports Arabic, Persian and Urdu. It also includes proportional and tabular numerals for the supported languages. The NaNa Arabic Font Family is available in four weights: Thin, Light, Regular and Bold. The design of this font family is inspired by two classic scripts: Kufic and Naskh. The quasi-geometric character of Kofic melds with the calligraphic grace of Naskh, which was invented by Iben Moghleh, an Iranian savant of the ninth century. He lived in Baghdad and was assassinated at the instigation of an Abbasid caliph. He was a polymath and a renowned scholar. I dedicate the design of this font family to the memory of this great man.

Polyspring is a handcrafted serif display font, with a cool flowery flair. It was hand-drawn based on Italia Condensed typeface from Keystone Foundry from circa 1906. Loaded with stylish ornaments and flourishing alternates for all its letters and numbers, this font is a terrific toolbox for display purposes. Yet, it has the superpower of changing the first and last letters in words to its germinated alternates at the click of a button, thanks to the smart OpenType programming. Please note that this feature will only work in OpenType savvy applications. Check it performing live on the sample text below: just click on the Advanced Typography option, located next to the sample colors options (look for an icon showing “ff”), and check the option “swash”. Very cool, isn't it? Happy blooming!

Wakandan is an alphabet designed by Hannah Beachler, and used in the 2018 film Black Panther. It is based on Nsibidi symbols. In the film it is used to transliterate English text in the credits and other on-screen text. Another script used in the film was developed by Oluwaseun Osewa and inspired by Nsibidi, a system of symbols used in southeastern Nigeria between about 400 and 1400 AD. In addition, the symbols of several different ancient languages ​​were also used for the alphabet. Like Old North Arabia, Old Tifinagh. I did not draw for this font, except for a few letters. I transferred the sound values ​​from the ancient writing languages ​​fonts that I had made before to the Wakanda font, so I did not take much time, I finished it in 4-5 hours.

Athelas Arabic, created by talented Iranian designer Sahar Afshar, is an elegant typeface for fine digital and printed books — perfect for Arabic literature’s captivating forms. Originally designed independently, it worked entirely on its own and yet already seemed a good fit for Athelas. So it was decided to give Athelas Arabic a thorough reworking to make them appropriate companions while maintaining the natural aesthetic qualities of Arabic. First, the Arabic letter sizes were readjusted so as to not appear larger next to the Latin, then weight and contrast were changed in the same way. Finally, the spacing and connections in the Arabic were considered to achieve comparable colour as the Latin in a block of text. Ultimately, both the Latin and Arabic are graceful designs based on classic proportions, prioritising the beauty, tranquility, and fluid nature of the wordsmith’s art. With extensive Middle Eastern language coverage and the expected OpenType features, Athelas Arabic is the counterpart for which Athelas Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic have been waiting. The graceful, elegant curves of the Athelas heritage have remained a hallmark in each script. With this release it will only gain a wider and quite appropriate audience. The complete Athelas family has been optimised for today’s varied screen uses, along with our entire catalogue.

LTC Athena brings a somewhat “lost” hot-metal typeface back from obscurity into digital Opentype format. In fall 2012, printing historian Rich Hopkins contacted P22 type foundry regarding some inked type drawings he had just uncovered from his acquisition of the Baltimore-based “Baltotype” company some 20 years ago. It is a rare face whose original matrices were destroyed and thought fully lost. The drawings included a full upper and lower case set, numerals, basic punctuation, and alternate forms of some letters. The design is a narrow deco-flavored design from the 1950s with a curious avoidance of straight lines in the stems and main strokes. The face has been expanded to over 340 characters by Miranda Roth and includes ligatures as well as a full Pan-European character set. It is released through the Lanston division of P22 in consideration of its earlier incarnation as a metal typeface.

Lu Nolasco, also known as Lunol, is a fresh representative of a new generation of Souther American lettering artists. She was born in Lima, Peru. After learning from some of the region’s best teachers and exploring the pointed nib on her own, she became a prolific lettering workshop instructor herself. Miraflores is one of Lima’s main tourist attractions. An upscale district with a great window on the Pacific ocean, it is the place where Lu looks for inspiration. It particularly inspired this “Looking flowers” (Miranda las flores), Lunol’s first typeface, designed in collaboration with Ale Paul. It is a comprehensive informal script that comes with many alternates, swashes and ligatures, along with small cap and quite a few ornaments. The fonts cover an expansive range of Latin languages, and are intended for use in stationery, menus, packaging, and general design where the main objective is to relay a sense of fun, playfulness and sensibility.

LTC Goudy Initials has been a best-seller since it was reformatted to font format by P22 in 2005. We decided that while it works very well at medium sizes, when it was used extra large, the outlines were not as true to Frederic Goudy’s 1917 drawings as they could be. We decided to redraw from the ground up—and here we have the NEW LTC Goudy Initials! Meticulously redrawn by Miranda Roth, these ornaments referenced original proofs of large sizes of Cloister Initials. In our quest for artwork for this project, we even arranged a quickly sold out recasting of the 120 point size and have produced a limited edition letterpress print from this casting This new digital version features two additional layers to allow for quick colorizing of the central letter and/or the floriated background. Registered users of the previous version of LTC Goudy Initials may upgrade to the set at a discount.

النبض - the Pulse Pulse JP ME is a constructivist text and display font that differs from comparable fonts due to its special sharpness and harmonious balance. Its technical and constructed form creates a somewhat artificial impression of particular appeal. It is ideal for display on the screen and can be used in many projects. Pulse JP ME is a super family consisting of 48 fonts from compressed to expanded in six weights each. This opens up a wide designspace with the possibility of combining typefaces of the same character in a wide variety of variants and being able to adapt them to very different conditions. The details of the individual fonts are coordinated with each other with great precision and perfectly implemented in terms of craftsmanship. In all variants, this leads to a very balanced design with particular sharpness. The very extensive character set supports 120 Latin + 7 Arabic languages + Hebrew. The Arabic characters were designed in close collaboration with the Iranian designer Prof. Raafat Negarandeh. Here the constructivist approach is repeated within Arabic proportions. This leads to a very reduced and clear design with high legibility. Additional typographical adjustments can be made in the variable font, which is also available. There all variants are stored in a single font and can be continuously fine-tuned between them.

The Jazayeri Kufic Shoushtar font is a beautiful typographic implementation of the decorative Kufic calligraphy inscribed on the walls of the historic Grand Mosque of Shoushtar in southwestern Iran. This mosque contains many other inscriptions added over time for documentary purposes but its four monumental Kufic inscriptions which are revived in this font are the most essential ones to understand its design and meaning. Built in the ninth century CE, this mosque is one of the earliest hypostyle mosques in Iran. It was built in “the city of scholars” when its residents included two great Sufis, Sahl Ibn Abdullah Tostari and Mansur Hallaj. The designer and producer of the font is Seyed Mohammad Vahid Mousavi Jazayeri, a well-known Iranian master calligrapher, designer, scholar, and author. Mousavi Jazayeri has taken a personal interest in the Kufic script and devoted years to independent research, visiting archaeological locations, historic buildings and cemeteries, mosques, libraries and museums to study the script through direct contact. He has developed a systematic research methodology and published his findings in several books. His professional interest in script and calligraphy stimulated his discovery of the historic method for cutting the Kufic pen, which has had a direct impact on his own work, as seen in several well-received exhibitions and workshops. The historical research and achievements of Mousavi Jazayeri brought together the first international group dedicated to the study and revival of the historic Kufic script operation through kuficpedia.com.

Lydia (Lydian: ‎𐤮𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣𐤠, Śfarda; Aramaic: Lydia; Greek: Λυδία, Lȳdíā; Turkish: Lidya) was an Iron Age kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia in the modern western Turkish provinces of Uşak, Manisa and inland Izmir. The ethnic group inhabiting this kingdom are known as the Lydians, and their language, known as Lydian, was a member of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family. The capital of Lydia was Sardis. The Kingdom of Lydia existed from about 1200 BC to 546 BC. At its greatest extent, during the 7th century BC, it covered all of western Anatolia. In 546 BC, it became a province of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, known as the satrapy of Lydia or Sparda in Old Persian. In 133 BC, it became part of the Roman province of Asia. Lydian coins, made of silver, are among the oldest coins in existence, dated to around the 7th century BC.

The astype series Accolades A offers the designer a fine balanced set of calligraphic swashes, swirls and floral ornaments. The shapes are in systematic order and harmonize in contrast and detail. The shapes can be combined easily and the advanced designer can build hundreds of sophisticated compositions. No matter, whether packaging lables, invitations or greeting cards - every assignment with the need of a delightful appeal will be served well. Accolades A and A2 share the same base set of ornaments but differ in some of the major shapes. Despite these differences, the total width of the shapes will be always the same. If you are looking for some good companion fonts, give Gracia and Adana a try. Every classic high contrast stroke design like Didot or Bodoni works well. Note: To look perfect, adjust the size of the ornament font to fit in contrast the design of the companion font. So if you use a Bodoni font as companion, try to match the thickness of the thinnest part of a upper case Bodoni letter with the thinnest part of a shape from the ornament. Note 2: Each package comes with a technical documentation and an InDesign2 sample file.

“Designers can’t help but be inspired by the things that surround them,” says Massif’s designer Steve Matteson. An avid mountain climber, Matteson found his inspiration for his text face family in the dramatic granite formations of North America’s Sierra Nevada Mountains. Most of Matteson’s type designs are custom projects designed with an end use or customer in mind. Massif, which had no customer or specific purpose, was probably his most personal typeface to date. “My goal was to embody, in Massif’s two-dimensional letterforms, the angular tension and smooth curvature characteristic of the rugged terrain of Yosemite National Park’s Half Dome, which was formed by eons of glacial and tectonic activity,” Matteson explains. The typeface’s striking design echoes the faults and fissures that define a massif formation, resulting in a rich texture when used for body text and revealing distinctive shapes and proportions at display sizes. The Massif family comes in six weights, from Light to ExtraBold, each with an italic companion. The OpenType Pro suite contains small caps, ligatures and old style figures, and offers a small set of decorative ornaments. Pro fonts also include an extended character set supporting most Central European and many Eastern European languages.

Anbar is an Arabetic typeface design with visually connected glyphs, named after the historical Iraqi province Anbar, which is traditionally believed to be the birthplace of the earliest Arabic script, Jazm. It follows the guidelines of the Mutamathil Taqlidi type style with one glyph for every basic Arabic Unicode character or letter, as defined in Unicode Standards, and one additional final form glyph for each Arabic letter that can connect with other letters from both sides in traditional cursive Arabic strings. Anbar employs variable x-height values. It includes all required Lam-Alif ligatures and selected marks. Tatweel (or Kashida) glyph is a zero width space. Keying it before any glyph will display that glyph isolated form, if desired. Keying Tatweel before Alif Lam Lam Ha will display the Allah ligature. Anbar typeface family includes both Arabic and Arabic-Indic numerals; all required diacritic marks, in addition to Standard English keyboard punctuations and major currency symbols. Anbar is available in regular and italic (slated to the left) styles.

Mexica is a typographic tribute to Nahuatl, the tongue of the Aztecs, but also the lingua franca of ancient Mexico. ‘Mexica’ is not only the feminized, latinized form of the word ‘Mexico’, but also the name of the inhabitants of this place: the Me-xic-cah. Nahuatl, when composed in the Latin alphabet, abounds in diagonal letter shapes: XYZ are ubiquitous in its classic orthography, just as KW are in its modern one. This visual feature is further enhanced by the absence of some rounded letters such as BDG that depict inexistent sounds in this millenarian tongue. Besides, Nahuatl is language with a tendency to form very long words that give the text quite a distinct appearance, unlike English, for instance, with its abundance of short words. Mexica was designed to look well in all these contexts, and to perform as well as a contemporary, daring, stylish serif type family, with several weights for text and display composition. Further, its terminals and general structure —devoid almost completely of straight lines—are inspired by the angled architecture and ornamentation of the ancient city of Mexico- Tenochtitlan. Mexica received an Award of Excellence at the Type Directors Club of New York annual competition.

Wardruna Arabic is a method of writing Arabic with a Runic-like alphabet devised by Devin Lester. He imagined that if some vikings had settled in the Middle East, they might have started speaking Arabic and writing it with a version of the Runic alphabet. This particular alphabet is based on Tolkien's Cirth Runes. A band of vikings went to Baghdad after raiding in Europe. The markets in Constantinople were closed as the Turks had just sacked the city. These men had heard of the great market in Baghdad and went there to sell their wares, seeing that this land was warm and fertile they decided to stay. They ended up settling the land and taking Arab wives and having children, because of thier Northern European accent their Arabic evolved into a part-Arabic dialect of Iraqi arabic. This is why today you see a few Arabs with green eyes and dark blonde or red hair. The Arabic alphabet was too fluid for them and vikings disdained the use of paper as a persons writings could be burned, so the evolved their runes to fit Arabic.

»Artis« is the name for my latest art-project-font. Obviously I just chopped off the last »t«. Then I looked it up on Wikipedia and what do you know, it is of latin descent. »Ars Gratia Artis« which means »art for arts sake« or in French »l’art pour l’art«, a perfect font name. If I would cut off the »s« as well it would mean disambiguation and that in turn is, what I just did here. Enough disambiguation! »Artis« is a modern classical beauty with extreme contrast between up- and downstrokes that make it unique with a touch of art deco and showing Renaissance roots. But – »Artis« is a twin-font that has an elegantly decorated twin sister »Artis-Swing«. Between the 2 fonts you have endless possibilities for combination. I love these twins! It is a great everyday workhorse with seven weights from ExtraLight to Bold and all the necessary weights in between. Great for short copy and elegant headlines! With 879 Glyphs it is a truly European font designed for all Central European and Latin using countries. »Artis« has a set of Cyrillic that is – besides Russia – also good for Serbia, Macedonia and Ukraine. It has oldstyle- and lining-, tabular- and tabular-oldstyle-figures and many ligatures. »Artis« comes in Sans and Swing and is an elegant, playful and friendly font. Enjoy!

Etruscan was the language of the Etruscan civilization, in Italy, in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany, western Umbria, northern Latium, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Lombardy and Campania). Etruscan influenced Latin but was eventually completely superseded by it. The Etruscans left around 13,000 inscriptions that have been found so far, only a small minority of which are of significant length; some bilingual inscriptions with texts also in Latin, Greek, or Phoenician; and a few dozen loanwords. Attested from 700 BC to AD 50, the relation of Etruscan to other languages has been a source of long-running speculation and study, with its being referred to at times as an isolate, one of the Tyrsenian languages, and a number of other less well-known theories. The consensus among linguists and Etruscologists is that Etruscan was a Pre–Indo-European,and a Paleo-European language and is closely related to the Raetic language spoken in the Alps, and to the Lemnian language, attested in a few inscriptions on Lemnos. Grammatically, the language is agglutinating, with nouns and verbs showing suffixed inflectional endings and gradation of vowels. Nouns show five cases, singular and plural numbers, with a gender distinction between animate and inanimate in pronouns. Etruscan appears to have had a cross-linguistically common phonological system, with four phonemic vowels and an apparent contrast between aspirated and unaspirated stops. The records of the language suggest that phonetic change took place over time, with the loss and then re-establishment of word-internal vowels, possibly due to the effect of Etruscan's word-initial stress. Etruscan religion influenced that of the Romans, and many of the few surviving Etruscan language artifacts are of votive or religious significance.